太平天国时期英军在太湖平原的地图测绘  

The British Army's Survey Mapping in Taihu Plain during the Taiping Period

作　　者：王涛[1] WANG Tao(College of Humanities, Zhejiang Normal Universit)

机构地区：[1]浙江师范大学人文学院历史系

出　　处：《清史研究》2018年第2期138-150,共13页The Qing History Journal

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目"清中叶英国在南海的地图测绘及其影响研究(1780-1820)"(15CZS015)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：中外联合镇压太平天国期间,英军对太湖平原进行了大范围的地图测绘。自1862年3月英军陆续测量了南翔、嘉定、青浦、南桥、柘林等主要战场,绘出各城镇大比例尺地图。12月至次年3月,戈登带领工兵部队在上海周边一百里内进行地图测绘,获取水路交通信息。此后英军驻扎上海,戈登率常胜军前往苏常地区作战。他利用实地调查和中文地图获取地理情报,并通过测量绘制准确的太湖平原地图。后来这些测绘成果被推广应用,提高了英军的地理认知,在其军事行动、商业扩张以及欧洲地理知识传播的过程中都发挥了重要作用。During the Sino-foreign joint suppression of the Taiping kingdom, the British surveyed and mapped the Taihu plain where the Chinese and foreign forces fought a battle with the Taiping army in March 1862. The British army surveyed Nanxiang, Jiading, Qingpu, Nanqiao, Zhelin, and drew large scale maps of these cities and towns. From December to March, Charles Gordon with Corps of Royal Engineers carried out a wide range of mapping in and around Shanghai to understand the waterway transportation. Later, British forces stationed in Shanghai, and Gordon headed the Ever Victorious Army to Suzhou and Changzhou. Gordon based his movements on field surveys and Chinese maps acquisition of geographic information, as well as the British survey maps of the Taihu plain. The application of the maps promoted the British geographical knowledge, played an important roles in the progress of military operations, commercial expansion and the dissemination of European geographical knowledge.

关 键 词：太平天国 中外会防 英军 地图测绘 

分 类 号：K254.3[历史地理—历史学]