羟基氧化铬合成及其在铬酸盐溶液中的除钒应用  

Synthesis of hydroxyl chromium oxide and its application in removal of vanadium from chromate solution

作　　者：陈欣 郑诗礼[2] 张海林 崔雯雯[2] 王舒磊 李平[2] 张懿[1,2] CHEN Xin1,2, ZHENG Shi-li2, ZHANG Hai-lin2, CUI Wen-wen2, WANG Shu-lei2, LI Ping2, ZHANG Yi1,2(1. National Engineering Research Center of Distillation Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China; 2. National Engineering Laboratory for Hydrometallurgical Cleaner Production Technology, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, Chin)

机构地区：[1]天津大学化工学院精馏技术国家工程研究中心,天津300350 [2]中国科学院过程工程研究所湿法冶金清洁生产技术国家工程实验室,北京100190

出　　处：《中国有色金属学报》2018年第4期845-854,共10页The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51574212;U1403195)~~

摘　　要：采用水热法合成纳米花状的β-CrOOH,并用于钒(V^(5+))的吸附分离。在碱性体系中,合成的β-CrOOH比表面积为174.882 m^2/g,孔体积为0.602 cm^3/g。在65℃、pH=4时,β-CrOOH对V^(5+)的最大吸附容量可达到32.66mg/g。吸附机理表明,β-CrOOH在吸附过程中其表面会释放出羟基以形成配位不饱和Cr^(6+)活性中心,溶液中的钒酸根(VO_4^(3+))单体通过钒氧双键(V=O)与不饱和的Cr^(6+)活性中心结合,形成内球型配位,从而吸附钒。在铬酸盐的清洁生产应用中,将β-CrOOH置于铬铁矿无钙焙烧中和液(Na_2CrO_4-NaVO_3-H_2O)中用来选择性分离V^(5+)离子。结果表明,适量的β-CrOOH能将铬中和液中91.57%的钒有效脱除掉,铬几乎无吸附,从而实现钒铬的有效分离。A guyanaite（β-CrOOH） with nanometer flower morphology synthesised by hydrothermal precipitation method and vanadate（V-（5＋）） ion adsorption on the β-CrOOH were investigated. In the alkaline system, the synthetic specific surface area of the β-CrOOH is 174.882 m-2/g, the pore volum is 0.602 cm-3/g. The β-CrOOH possesses the maximum V-（5＋）ion adsorption capacity of 32.66 mg/g with pH=4 at 65 ℃. The adsorption mechanism results show that the β-CrOOH liberated surface hydroxyls to form coordinatively unsaturated Cr-（6＋） centres, which further adsorbs V-（5＋） ions through connecting mono-oxo, V=O terminal double bonds with oxygen of the Cr-（6＋） centres. In the cleaner production application of chromate, the β-CrOOH is placed in the Na2CrO4--NaVO3--H2O solutions to selectively adsorb the V-（5＋） ions, and 91.57% vanadium could be effectivly removed and Cr-（6＋） is rarely adsorbed, realizing effective separation of vanadium and chromium.

关 键 词：羟基氧化铬 分离 铬酸盐溶液 钒 水热法 选择性吸附 

分 类 号：O614.61[理学—无机化学]