雪岭云杉不同器官N、P、K化学计量特征随生长阶段的变化  

Age-related N,P,and K stoichiometry in different organs of Picea schrenkiana

作　　者：孙雪娇[1] 常顺利[1] 宋成程[1] 张毓涛 SUN Xue-jiao1,CHANG Shun-li1,SONG Cheng-cheng1,ZHANG Yu-tao2(1 Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology, College of Resource and Environment Sciences, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China ; 2 Institute of Forest Ecology, Xinjiang Academy of Forestry, Urumqi 830063, China)

机构地区：[1]新疆大学资源与环境科学学院绿洲生态教育部重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830046 [2]新疆林科院森林生态研究所,乌鲁木齐830063

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2018年第5期1291-1298,共8页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(U1503187);"十二五"农村领域国家科技计划课题(2015BAD07B03-03);新疆维吾尔自治区教育厅研究生科研创新项目(XJGRI2017021)资助

摘　　要：生态化学计量是研究物种与生存环境之间关系及其适应策略的有效方法,但关于氮(N)、磷(P)、钾(K)化学计量在不同器官内的分配及其随生长阶段变化的认识还不充分。本文以天山北坡雪岭云杉(Picea schrenkiana)为研究对象,通过对不同生长阶段的雪岭云杉根、茎、叶中N、P、K含量的测定,分析雪岭云杉不同器官N、P、K化学计量特征及其随生长阶段的变化规律,探讨N、P、K在雪岭云杉各器官中的分配策略及异速生长关系。结果表明:(1)雪岭云杉N、P、K含量在各器官中主要表现为叶>茎>根;随树龄的增加,叶片的N、P、K含量先增大后减小,茎中N、K含量逐渐增大,而P含量无明显变化趋势。根N含量逐渐减小,P、K含量逐渐增大;(2)雪岭云杉各器官N∶P值为20.25~27.61,N∶K值均为0.28~0.41,P∶K值为0.01~0.02,随树龄的增加叶和茎的N∶P、N∶K、P∶K先增大后减小,根的N∶P、N∶K值逐渐减小,P∶K值无显著变化规律;器官、林龄及二者的交互作用均对雪岭云杉N、P、K化学计量特征产生影响;(3)雪岭云杉各器官中N、P、K元素含量的分配比重表现为:茎>根>叶;叶片的N、P、K含量之间及茎和根的N与K间存在显著的异速增长关系(叶:N-P0.956,P=0.001;N-K-0.254,P<0.001;P-K-1.568,P<0.001;茎:N-K-0.326,P=0.011;根:N-K-0.529,P=0.007);受到环境因子以及雪岭云杉对营养元素的吸收和分配等因素的影响,各器官中N、P、K化学计量特征随生长阶段发生变化。Ecological stoichiometry is effective in studying the relationships between species and their environment. There are knowledge gaps in understanding the allocation of nitrogen（ N）,phosphorus（ P）,and potassium（ K） in different organs,and how this allocation changes with age. Samples of roots,stems,and leaves of Picea schrenkiana at different growth stages were collected from the northern slope of Tianshan Mountains. N,P,and K concentrations were measured to analyze the stoichiometry at different growth stages,with the aim to examine allocation strategy and allometric relationship. The results showed that：（ 1） The allocations for N,P,and K among different organs were in the order of leaf stem root. With increasing age,the N,P,and K concentrations in leaves first increased and then decreased; N and K concentrations in stems increased gradually; N concentration in roots decreased,whereas P and K concentrations showed a gradual increase.（ 2） The stoichiometric ratios in different organs were 20.25-27.61 for N ∶ P,0.28-0.41 for N ∶ K,and 0.01-0.02 for P ∶ K. With increasing age,N ∶ P,N ∶ K,and P ∶ K in leaves and stems first increased and then decreased; N ∶ P and N ∶ K in roots decreased,and P ∶ K ratio showed no obvious pattern. Organ type,forest age and their interaction had significant effects on N,P,and K stoichiometry.（ 3） The proportions of N,P,and K contents allocated in different organs were following the order of stem root leaf. The N,P,and K concentrations in leaves,and N and K concentrations in stems and roots showed significant allometric relationships（ leaves： N-P^0.956,P = 0.001; N-K^-0.254,P〈0.001; P-K^-1.568,P〈0.001;stems： N-K^-0.326,P = 0.011; roots： N-K^-0.529,P = 0.007）. Our results suggested that the N,P,and K stoichiometry of the organs changed at different growth stages as affected by environmental factors and the nutrient absorption and allocation.

关 键 词：生态化学计量 器官 林龄 雪岭云杉 天山 

分 类 号：S791.18[农业科学—林木遗传育种]