蟹类附肢的自切与再生研究进展  

Research progress on limb autotomy and regeneration of crabs

作　　者：张聪[1] 黄根勇[1] 徐敏杰[1] 庞杨洋 成永旭[1] 杨筱珍[1] ZHANG Cong,HUANG Gen-yong,XU Min-jie,PANG Yang-yang,CHENG Yong-xu,YANG Xiao-zhen(National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture; Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China)

机构地区：[1]水产科学国家级实验教学示范中心农业部淡水水产种质资源重点实验室上海水产养殖工程技术研究中心上海海洋大学,上海201306

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2018年第5期1584-1588,共5页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：上海市科技兴农推广项目"中华绒螯蟹养殖技术的推广应用"[沪农科推字(2015)第1-7号];上海市科委项目"上海水产养殖工程技术研究中心"(16DZ2281200);现代农业产业技术体系专项资金资助(CARS-48)

摘　　要：蟹类附肢的自切与再生作为一种自我保护机制,是其应对极端条件(如捕食者、竞争者或恶劣环境等压力)的有效行为策略,通常以自切单条附肢最为常见。蟹类附肢自切后,会通过再生和蜕皮,重新长出健全的肢体。生长阶段中等规格蟹(4~6 g)附肢自切律较高且与性别差异无关;自切一条附肢的蟹数量较多,附肢自切通常发生在身体的一侧,自切后侧附肢的概率显著高于前侧的附肢;附肢自切与种间、种内差异和生境条件有关;附肢自切影响蟹的生长与存活及摄食习性等。本文阐述了自切与再生的主要动物种类与部位,以蟹类为主要对象,对其附肢自切的规律、自切原因和附肢自切对蟹类生长的影响及再生进行了综述,对今后相关研究提出展望。Limb autotomy and regeneration of crab,a self-protection mechanism,is an effective behavioral strategy for facing with extreme conditions such as predators,competitors,and harsh environments. The most common autotomy type is single-limb autotomy. After being autotomized,the crab usually recovers through the regeneration and molting cycle. There is a high rate of limb autotomy of medium-sized crabs（ 4-6 g） in the growing stage,which has no variation between genders. The single-limb autotomy usually occurs in one side. The probability of autotomy posterior limb is obviously higher than that of the front one. Moreover,the limb autotomy showed interspecific and intraspecific differences,and are dependent on habitat conditions. Limb autotomy affects the growth,survival and feeding habits of crabs. In this review,we summarized the main animal species and parts with the phenomenon of autotomy and regeneration. With the crab as an example,we illustrated the patterns and reasons of limb autotomy,and the influences of limb autotomy on regrowth and regeneration. This review also proposed some prospects for further exploration of the patterns and mechanisms of autotomy and regeneration.

关 键 词：蟹类 附肢 自切 再生 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]