水垫塘冲击区掺气浓度对脉动压强作用的试验研究  

Experimental study on effect of aeration concentration on fluctuating pressure in impacted region of plunge pool

作　　者：马文韬 杨红宣[1] 张功育 赵伟[1] 王海军[1] MA Wentao;YANG Hongxuan;ZHANG Gongyu;ZHAO Wei;WANG Haijun(Faculty of Electric Power Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China;Yunnan Xiuchuan Water Conservancy and Hydropower Investigation and Design Co. , Ltd. , Kunming 650021, Yunnan, China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学电力工程学院,云南昆明650500 [2]云南秀川水利水电勘察设计有限公司,云南昆明650021

出　　处：《水利水电技术》2018年第4期70-75,共6页Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目"高坝泄洪消能不同水流结构下气体迁移扩散运动机理研究"(51669007)

摘　　要：采用水工模型试验,研究泄流进入水垫塘后在水垫塘底板冲击区内掺气浓度对脉动压强的作用。通过改变掺气量,使水垫塘内水体的掺气浓度发生变化,开展不同的掺气浓度对水垫塘冲击区底板脉动压强影响的研究。结果表明:在保持水垫深度和泄流流量不变的情况下,增加掺气量,水垫塘冲击区同一测点水体掺气浓度值随掺气量的增加而增加。水垫塘冲击区内掺气浓度分布规律为在冲击点处达到最大值,由冲击点向上、下游递减;冲击区底板总动水压强的峰值随掺气量的增加而降低;脉动压强的方差值随掺气量的增加而减小,即脉动变幅减小。脉动压强的概率密度分布为正态分布,分布曲线随掺气量的增加而变陡、变窄,脉动强度系数分布集中,即方差变小,压强峰值减小,脉动强度减小。同一测点脉动压强的频谱分布规律一致,其优势频率集中在低频范围,随掺气量的增加,脉动幅值降低,即脉动压强降低。The effect of the aeration concentration on fluctuating pressure in the impacted region of plunge pool after water flow being discharged into plunge pool is studied herein with hydraulic model experiment; from which the effects of various aeration concentrations on the fluctuating pressure of the bottom slab in the impacted region of plunge pool are studied through making the aeration concentration of the water body in the plunge pool changed by changing the amount of aeration. The result of the data analysis shows that under the condition of keeping the water cushion depth and the discharge-flow rate unchanged,the value of aeration concentration of water body at a same measuring point in the impacted region of plunge pool is to be increased along with the increase of the amount of aeration through increasing amount of aeration. The distribution law of the aeration concentration in the impacted region of plunge pool is that the aeration concentration reaches to its maximum value at the impacted point and then gradually decreases toward the upstream and the downstream of the impacted point,while the peak value of the total dynamic water pressure on the bottom slab of the impacted region is to be decreased along with the increase of amount of aeration and the variance of the fluctuating pressure is reduced along with the increase of amount of aeration,i. e. the fluctuation amplitude is decreased. The distribution of the probability density of the fluctuating pressure is a normal distribution,while its distribution curve is to be steepened and narrowed along with the increase of amount of aeration and the distribution of the fluctuation intensity coefficient is concentrated,i. e. the variance is decreased with the decreased peak value of pressure and the decreased fluctuation intensity. The law of the fluctuating pressure spectrum distribution at the same measuring point is consistent,of which the dominant frequency is concentrated in a low frequency range and the fluctuation amplitude decreases along with the incre

关 键 词：水垫塘 掺气浓度 脉动压强 概率密度 频谱特性 

分 类 号：TV135.2[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]