国际人道主义援助发展演变:源流、内涵与挑战  

The Evolution of International Humanitarian Assistance: the Origin and Development, Connotation and Challenges

作　　者：任彦妍 房乐宪[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学国际关系学院

出　　处：《和平与发展》2018年第2期98-116,134-135,共19页Peace and Development

摘　　要：人道主义援助已成为当代国际社会及国际关系的重要内容。自然灾害、人为冲突造成的人道危机导致人道需求不断增加,保守主义和民粹主义的抬头,以及经济下行等都对国际人道援助的发展前景构成挑战。本文从历史视角,结合关键历史事件、援助范围、援助行为体变化及相关规则制度的出现,系统分析国际人道援助发展的源流及其内涵特征,并认为国际人道援助体系及内涵经历了一个从狭义到扩展又重新收窄的过程。现阶段人道援助内涵因民粹主义泛起又呈现回归狭义援助的回缩趋势。因此,对国际人道援助发展演变的回顾反思有助于更好地理解现阶段其所面临的挑战及困境。International humanitarian assistance has become an important content of contemporary international community and international relations. Humanitarian crises brought about by natural disasters and manmade conflicts have led to great increase of humanitarian needs, while the rise of conservatism and populism as well as economic downturn has posed threats to the prospects of the development of international humanitarian assistance. This paper is intended, from a historical perspective, to elaborate systematically on the origin and development as well as features of its connotation, on the basis of key historic events, the scope of assistance, aid behavior change and the appearance of relevant systems, believing that the system of international humanitarian assistance and its connotation has undergone a course of change from a narrow sense to expansion and to contraction. The connotation of humanitarian assistance at present stage is returning to one of narrowsensed assistance with the rise of populism, whose trend deserves our attention. Therefore, a retrospect of and reflection on the evolution and development of international humanitarian assistance is conducive to our better understanding the challenges and dilemma facing international humanitarian assistance at present stage.

关 键 词：国际人道援助 人道干预 新人道主义 

分 类 号：D815[政治法律—国际关系]