RNA甲基化修饰与病理效应  

Pathologic effects of RNA methylation

作　　者：王蓬宇 杨财广 WANG Peng-Yu, YANG Cai-Guang(State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, Chin)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院上海药物研究所新药研究国家重点实验室,上海201203

出　　处：《生命科学》2018年第4期431-439,共9页Chinese Bulletin of Life Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(21725801)

摘　　要：RNA甲基化修饰是表观转录组学重要的研究内容。在已经发现的超过100种不同的RNA化学修饰中,6-甲基腺嘌呤(m^6A)是m RNA上最丰富的内部修饰。RNA甲基化修饰受到甲基转移酶、去甲基化酶以及m^6A识别蛋白质的动态调控,与基因表达调控密切相关。RNA甲基化修饰失调可导致RNA功能紊乱,甚至一系列病理效应。现主要介绍几种较为常见的RNA甲基化修饰,并对其与病理效应的相关性进行归纳总结。RNA methylation represents a new layer in epitranscriptomic regulations on gene expression. Over 100 types of chemical modifications have been identified in cellular RNAs, and N^6-methyladenosine（m^6 A） is the most abundant internal modification occurred on RNA. The cellular abundance of m^6 A depends on the functional interplay among methyltransferase, demethylase, and m^6 A binding proteins. It has been established that RNA methylation has broad and important roles in nearly every aspect of the m RNA life cycle, therefore affecting gene expression. Abnormal m^6 A levels induced by defects in RNA epitranscriptomic factors may lead to dysfunction of m RNA and cause diseases. In this short review, we mainly focus on several major RNA methylations and the correlation between RNA modifications and pathologic effects.

关 键 词：RNA修饰 6-甲基腺嘌呤 病理效应 甲基转移酶 去甲基化酶 m^6A识别蛋白 

分 类 号：Q71[生物学—分子生物学] Q75