长江口潮滩表层沉积物中微塑料的分布及沉降特点  

Distribution and Settlement of Microplastics in the Surface Sediment of Yangtze Estuary

作　　者：朱晓桐 衣俊 强丽媛 程金平[1,2,3] ZHU Xiao-tong1, YI Jun1,2 , QIANG Li-yuan1 , CHENG Jin-ping1,2,3(1. State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China; 2. Shenzhen Key Laboratory for the Sustainable Use of Marine Biodiversity, Researeh Centre for the Oceans and Human Health, City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China; 3. Environmental Science Programs, the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, Chin)

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学河口海岸学国家重点实验室,上海200062 [2]香港城市大学深圳研究院深圳海洋生物多样性可持续利用重点实验室,深圳518057 [3]香港科技大学,中国香港

出　　处：《环境科学》2018年第5期2067-2074,共8页Environmental Science

基　　金：教育部新世纪优秀人才计划项目(NECT-12-0181); 国家自然科学基金项目(41101489); 深圳科技计划重点实验室项目(ZDSYS20140509155229806)

摘　　要：河口区域是污染物的源头与交汇的区域.为探索微塑料在长江口潮滩的污染现状,本文选取长江口6个采样点、4个季度的潮滩沉积物进行采样分析,长江口潮滩沉积物中微塑料检测结果显示的平均丰度为(3.42±1.31)items·g^(-1),有纤维状和碎片状两种存在形式,其中纤维状占主要部分.微塑料在潮滩沉积物中的分布与沉降和长江口冲淤情况有着高度一致性,在沉积物冲刷地段位点微塑料丰度较低,在沉积物淤积位点微塑料丰度较高.长江口潮滩沉积物中微塑料丰度在1月达到最高值,且在1月和4月各位点差异较大,在7月和11月差异较小.再悬浮实验表明,微塑料主要在表层沉积物和水中积聚.本文结果表明,长江口潮滩沉积物受到一定程度的微塑料污染,微塑料在潮滩的积聚与长江口冲淤、降水和潮汐等因素密切相关.本文的结果可以为长江口潮滩表层沉积物中微塑料的污染研究提供一定的基础数据.This study is designed to understand the microplastic contamination in the coastal area of Yangtze estuary. The abundance and distribution profiles of microplastics in the surface sediment of six sampling sites along the Yangtze estuary were examined throughout one year. The detected average concentration of microplastic,including fibers and fragments,in the surface sediment of Yangtze estuary was（ 3. 42 ± 1. 31） items·g^（-1）（ DW）. Sampling during four seasons,in the months of January,April,July,and November,indicated that the highest abundance of microplastics in Yangtze estuary surface sediment occurred in January. A resuspension experiment showed that microplastics tend to settle in the surface sediment after re-suspension. The distribution and settlement of microplastics along the coastal area has a high concordance with the dynamic erosion-accretion process of the Yangtze estuary. Microplastics tend to settle in accretion sites rather than in erosion sites.

关 键 词：微塑料 潮滩沉积物 季度特征 沉降特点 长江口 

分 类 号：X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程]