三峡库区澎溪河回水区溶解态金属离子来源和时空分布特征分析  

Source and Distribution of Dissolved Metal Ions in the Backwater Area of Pengxi River in Three Gorges Reservoir

作　　者：赵晓松 蔚建军 付莉 姜伟[1,2] 周川 李波[3] Douglas Haffner Christopher Weisener[4] 张磊 ZHAO Xiao-song1,2, YU Jian-jun1,2, FU Li1,2, JIANG Wei1,2, ZHOU Chuan1,2, LI Bo3, Douglas Haffner1,4, Christopher Weisener4, ZHANG Lei1,2,4.(1. International Base for S＆T Collaboration on Water Environmental Monitoring and Simulation in TGR Region （WEMST） , Chongqing 400716, China; 2. College of Resource and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; 3. Beibei District Environmental Protection Bureau, Chongqing 400711, China; 4. Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research, University of Windsor, Windsor, N9B 3P4, Canada)

机构地区：[1]三峡库区水环境监测与模拟国际科技合作基地,重庆400716 [2]西南大学资源环境学院,重庆400716 [3]重庆北碚区环境保护局,重庆400711 [4]加拿大温莎大学大湖环境研究中心,温莎N9B3P4

出　　处：《环境科学》2018年第5期2117-2125,共9页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41671291)

摘　　要：以三峡库区北岸最大支流澎溪河的高阳平湖段为例,探讨随着调水方式导致的水位变化,三峡库区支流金属离子Ca、Zn、Fe、Cr、Pb、Cu和Hg等在时间、水平和垂直空间维度上的分布和动态.在2013年6月5日~2014年5月29日为期1 a的采样周期内于澎溪河长年回水区高阳平湖的4个采样点采样共21次,平均每17.3 d采集一次.水体样品分别采自水体表层(0~0.5 m)、中层和底层(底泥以上0.5 m).冬季水体不分层期间,中层样品采自水深1/2处,分层时则采自温跃层.应用RBR-80220型水质自动分析仪监测各样点水温、电导率、水深等数据.水样采用冷原子吸收法和电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定各金属质量浓度.运用Excel、SPSS软件进行数据统计分析;以Hg离子为例,利用Matlab软件构建各水位时期金属离子质量浓度分布三维柱状图.结果表明:(1)从水体可溶性金属离子质量浓度角度,澎溪河水质总体较好,Cr、Pb、Cu、Zn和Hg等离子均低于地表水环境质量标准(GB3838-2002)Ⅲ类水质标准相应离子质量浓度;(2)在来源上,Cr、Pb和Cu等离子来源于干流回水;Fe和Zn离子来源于澎溪河内源;Hg离子来源受干流回水和内源影响.金属离子随着温度分层出现质量浓度分层现象;(3)影响高阳平湖电导率的主要物质是非金属离子.This study uses the Gaoyang Lake section of the Pengxi River,the largest tributary on the northern bank of the Three Gorges Reservoir（ TGR）,as an example for exploring the distributions and dynamics of Ca,Zn,Fe,Cr,Pb,Cu,and Hg ions in the tributaries of TGR where the water level fluctuates due to dam regulation. Samples were taken 21 times,once every 17. 3 days,at four sampling sites in Gaoyang Lake,which is in a perennial backwater zone of the Pengxi River,during one year from June 5,2013 to May29,2014. At each sampling site,water samples were taken from the surface layer（ 0-0. 5 m）,middle layer,and bottom layer（ 0. 5 m above the bed mud）. During winter when the water was not stratified,the middle layer samples were taken at 1/2 depth,and when water was stratified in other seasons,the middle layer samples were taken from the thermal layer. Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry（ ICP-AES） and cold-vapor atomic absorption methods were adopted to determine the concentrations of the metals. Excel and SPSS were used for data analysis and Matlab for building 3-D prisms displaying concentration distributions of Hg ions in the high water level period（ 175 m,November-April in the ensuing year）,sluicing period（ May-middle June）,low water level in the flooding season（ 145 m,June-August）,and the storage period（ September-November）. The results provided the following observations（1） Concentrations of Cr,Pb,Cu,Zn,and Hg ions were lower than those in Class Ⅲ of the water environment quality standard（ GB 3838-2002）.（2） Cr,Pb,and Cu had high peak values during the storage and sluicing period,and the lowest values during the high water level period. Cr,Pb,and Cu were derived from the main stream of Yangtze,while Fe and Zn were from the Pengxi River locally. The concentration of Hg ions was affected by both the main stream and endogenous sources. As the water columnstratified,metal ions did not mix among the stratified layers in Gaoyang Lake.（3） The conductivity wa

关 键 词：三峡库区 澎溪河 回水区 金属离子 时空分布 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]