追肥对强筋小麦西农509产量及品质的效应  

Effects of Top-dressing on Yield and Quality of the Wheat Xinong 509 with Strong Gluten

作　　者：李春游[1] 张睿[2] LI Chun -you;ZHANG Ru i(Agricultural Technology Extension Center of Zhouzhi,Zhouzhi 710400,China;College of Agronomy,Northwest A＆F University,Yangling 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西省周至县农业技术推广中心,陕西周至710400 [2]西北农林科技大学农学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《西安文理学院学报（自然科学版）》2018年第3期96-100,共5页Journal of Xi’an University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：陕西省重点产业链项目(农业领域2015KTZDNY01-03);陕西省小麦高产创建项目

摘　　要：为了完善强筋小麦品种西农509的保优栽培技术,2016—2017年在周至县农业技术推广中心试验基地进行了不同氮肥基追比(7∶3、8∶2、10∶0)对其产量及品质的效应研究.结果表明,氮肥后移后可显著提高强筋小麦西农509产量,增产6.6%~15.6%,并呈现随着氮肥后移量的增加,增产幅度越大的趋势.氮肥后移也可提高成穗数和穗粒数,分别较对照提高2.9%~6.8%和5.1%~14.0%,但不利于其千粒重提高,千粒重降低3.0%~7.9%.氮肥后移可显著影响孕穗期功能叶的净光合速率,对其效应与功能叶叶位和蘖位有一定关系.氮肥后移可显著降低西农509的稳定时间和湿面筋含量,分别降低10.8%~34.5%和3.5%~7.7%,蛋白质含量和沉降值也呈降低趋势,但处理之间差异不显著,对其籽粒的容重、吸水率、拉伸面积和最大拉伸阻力影响较小.In order to improve the cultivation techniques of the wheat variety Xinong 509 with high gluten,the effects of different ratios of nitrogenous fertilizer and dressing（ 7 ∶ 3,8 ∶ 2,10∶ 0） on its yield and quality were studied in the experimental base of agricultural technology extension Center of Zhouzhi in 2016-2017. The results showed that after the nitrogen fertilizer transfer,the yield of wheat Xinong 509 with strong gluten was significantly increased,and it increased by 6. 6% ~ 15. 6%. The yield increased with the increase of the amount of nitrogenous fertilizer. The nitrogen fertilizer transfer could also increase the number of spikes and grains per spike,and compared with the contrast,they were increased by 2. 9% ~ 6. 8% and 5. 1% ~14. 0% respectively. But it was not conducive to the increase of 1 000 grains weight,and the1 000 grains weight of wheat Xinong 509 with high gluten decreased by 3. 0% ~ 7. 9%. The nitrogen fertilizer transfer can significantly affect the net photosynthetic rate of functional leavesat booting stage,and its effect has some relationship with functional leaf position and tilting position. The nitrogen fertilizer transfer could significantly reduce the stability time and the wet gluten content of wheat Xinong 509,and they were decreased by 10. 8% ~ 34. 5% and 3. 5%~ 7. 7% respectively. While the protein content and sedimentation value also showed a decreasing trend,but the difference was not significant. The nitrogen fertilizer transfer has little effect on the bulk density,water absorption,tensile area and maximum tensile resistance of the grain.

关 键 词：小麦 氮肥后移 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]