大涡模拟的壁模型及其应用  

WALL-MODEL FOR LARGE-EDDY SIMULATION AND ITS APPLICATIONS

作　　者：吴霆 时北极 王士召 张星[1,2] 何国威 Wu Ting;Shi Beiji;Wang Shizhao;Zhang Xing;He Guowei(LNM,Institute of Mechanics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;School of Engineering Sciences,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,Chin)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院力学研究所非线性力学国家重点实验室,北京100190 [2]中国科学院大学工程科学学院,北京100049

出　　处：《力学学报》2018年第3期453-466,共14页Chinese Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(91752118;11672305;11232011;11572331);中科院战略性先导科技专项(XDB22040104);中科院前沿科学重点研究计划(QYZDJ-SSW-SYS002);973项目(2013CB834100:非线性科学)资助

摘　　要：大涡模拟是研究湍流的非定常特性的重要方法.但解析壁面层的大涡模拟所需的计算量与直接数值模拟相当,是大涡模拟在高雷诺数壁湍流数值模拟中所面临的主要困难.解析壁面层所需的网格尺度与壁面黏性长度同量级,是引起壁湍流大涡模拟计算量增加的主要原因.壁模型通过模化近壁流动避免了完全解析壁面层,可以显著地降低壁湍流大涡模拟的计算量,是克服上述困难的有效方法.本文介绍了大涡模拟壁模型的主要类型;详细讨论了常用的壁面应力模型,特别是平衡层模型和双层模型的构建思路和特点;基于近壁流动的特征讨论了应力边界条件的必要性和适用性;指出了壁面应力模型的局限性以及考虑非平衡效应修正的各种方法;讨论了壁面应力模型的研究历史、最新进展和发展趋势,给出了常用的壁面应力模型的分支与发展关系图;并基于Werner-Wengle模型实现了周期山状流的大涡模拟.Large-eddy simulation （LES） is an important method to investigate unsteady turbulent flows. The cost of the wall-resolved LES is comparable to that of direct numerical simulation, which prevents the applications of the LES to wallbounded turbulences at high Reynolds numbers. The grid length would be of the order of the viscous length to resolve the near-wall flow structures, which causes the prohibitive computational cost of the wall-resolved LES. Wall-models circumvent the flow details near the wall to avoid resolving all the flow structures near the wall, which significantly reduce the computation cost and have been successfully combined with the LES for turbulent flows. We discuss the basic idea of wall-models for LES and review the wall-stress models with implementation details. The construction and characteristics of the equilibrium models and the two-layer models are discussed in detail. The limitations of the wallstress models and their improvements to account for the non-equilibrium effects are also discussed. We review the state of the art of the wall shear stress models and provide a hierarchical diagram for the current models. Finally, we present the applications of the Werner-Wengle model to the LES of flows over periodic hills.

关 键 词：大涡模拟 壁模型 壁面应力模型 双层模型 周期山状流 

分 类 号：O357[理学—流体力学]