水深对海底管道泄漏水下气体扩散行为的影响研究  

Study on effect of water depth on diffusion behavior of underwater gas from leakage of subsea pipelines

作　　者：李新宏[1] 陈国明[1] 徐长航[1] 朱红卫[1] LI Xinhong;CHEN Guoming;XU Changhang;ZHU Hongwei(Centre for Offshore Engineering and Safety Technology, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao Shandong 266580, Chin)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(华东)海洋油气装备与安全技术研究中心,山东青岛266580

出　　处：《中国安全生产科学技术》2018年第5期17-22,共6页Journal of Safety Science and Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题(2016YFC0802305);中央高校自主创新科技专项(15CX05022A)

摘　　要：针对海底输气管道泄漏气体扩散问题,基于计算流体动力学CFD方法,建立海底输气管道泄漏水下气体扩散模型,重点考虑水深的影响,对不同水深条件下的气体扩散行为进行模拟与分析,预测水下气体扩散路径、上浮时间、海面溢出点位置及溢出区域范围等关键参数,通过数值仿真与数据拟合,建立海底输气管道泄漏水下气体扩散参数快速计算模型。研究结果表明:海底输气管道泄漏水下气体扩散至海面时,形成不规则的倾斜倒锥形羽流结构;水深对气体扩散过程中羽流的倾斜角度和气泡分散程度具有重要影响;随着水深增加,气体扩散至海面的时间增长,溢出区域范围增大;不同水深条件下,气体羽流水平和垂向参数整体变化规律基本一致。Aiming at gas diffusion from the leakage of subsea gas pipelines,a model of underwater gas diffusion from the leakage of subsea gas pipelines was established by using the computational fluid dynamics（ CFD） method. With mainly considering the impact of water depth,the gas diffusion behavior under different water depths was simulated and analyzed,and the key parameters,such as the diffusion route of underwater gas,floating time,position of spill point on the sea surface,range of spill area and other parameters,were predicted. The rapid calculation models on the diffusion parameters of underwater gas from the leakage of subsea gas pipeline were established through the numerical simulation and data fitting. The results showed that the plume structure of irregular inclined and inverted cone was formed when the underwater gas diffused to the sea surface. The water depth had an important impact on the inclination angle and bubble dispersion degree of the plume in the process of gas diffusion. With the increase of water depth,the time of gas diffusion to the sea surface increased,and the range of spill area increased. The overall variation laws of the horizontal and vertical parameters of the gas plume were basically consistent under different water depths.

关 键 词：海底输气管道 泄漏 气体羽流 扩散 数值仿真 

分 类 号：X937[环境科学与工程—安全科学]