蝇蛆蛋白对凡纳滨对虾生长、免疫及肌肉成分的影响  

Effects of Housefly Protein on Growth Performance,Immunity and Muscular Composition in Pacific White Leg Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei

作　　者：程逍妹 陈子廷 颜志波 赵培雅 王方海[1] 李广宏[1] CHENG Xiaomei;CHEN Ziting;YAN Zhibo;ZHAO Peiya;WANG Fanghai;LI Guanghong(School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China)

机构地区：[1]中山大学生命科学学院,广东广州510275

出　　处：《水产科学》2018年第3期324-329,共6页Fisheries Science

基　　金：中央财政农业科技推广专项(2012);广东省海洋渔业科技推广专项(A201201B04);清远市科技计划项目(2013C008)

摘　　要：在5000m^2、密度为9.0×10~9尾/hm^2的凡纳滨对虾池塘中,投喂基础饲料和20%蝇蛆蛋白+基础饲料饲养体质量(0.18±1.10~)g的凡纳滨对虾,研究了蝇蛆蛋白对生长性能、非特异性免疫及肌肉成分的影响。150d的饲养结果表明,投喂添加蝇蛆蛋白的饲料时,凡纳滨对虾的增长率(310~.51±11.39)%、相对体质量增加率(6383.33±20.54)%和存活率(64.61±3.47)%显著高于对照组的增长率(287.80±15.6)%、相对体质量增加率(5161.11±32.82)%和存活率(52.89±4.22)%(P<0.05),而饲料系数显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。饲料中添加20%蝇蛆蛋白显著提高了对虾血清超氧化物歧化酶、碱性磷酸酶、酸性磷酸酶、酚氧化物酶和溶菌酶的活性(P<0.05)。饲料中添加20%蝇蛆蛋白显著提高了凡纳滨对虾肌肉中粗蛋白含量、必需氨基酸总量、鲜味氨基酸总量以及必需氨基酸占总氨基酸的比值,而其他体成分差异不明显。A feeding trial was conducted to study the effects of housefly maggot（Musca domestica）protein supplemented with lecithin,chitosan and vitamins on growth performance,nonspecific immunity and muscular composition of Pacific white leg shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei.Pacific white leg shrimp with initial body weight of（0.18±1.10）g were stocked into culture ponds（each 5000 m^2）at a rate of 9×10^9 individuals/hm^2,and fed basal diets containing 0%（as control）and 20% housefly maggot proteins with duplication for 150 days.Results showed that there were significant higher growth rate（310.51±11.39）%,relative weight gain rate（6383.33±20.54）%and survival（64.61±3.47）%in the shrimp fed the diets containing housefly maggot proteins than those in the control group（287.80±15.6）%,（5161.11±32.82）%and（52.89±4.22）%（P〈0.05）.The Pacific white leg shrimp fed the diets containing 20% housefly maggot proteins had significantly lower food conversion ratio than the animals in the control group did（P〈0.05）.There were significantly higher activities of superoxide dismutase,alkaline phosphatase,acid phosphatase,phenoloxidase,and lysozyme in serum of Pacific white leg shrimp in the test groups than those in the control group（P〈0.05）.The Pacific white leg shrimp fed the diets containing 20% housefly maggot proteins had significantly higher protein content in muscle,including total amino acids,total essential amino acids,total delicious amino acids,and essential amino acids to total amino acids ratio（P〈0.05）,without significant difference in other compositions.The findings show that dietary supplementation of housefly maggot proteins leads to not only promote the growth of shrimp,and augment nonspecific immunity,but also improve its nutritive value and taste.

关 键 词：蝇蛆蛋白 凡纳滨对虾 生长性能 非特异性免疫 肌肉成分 

分 类 号：S968.22[农业科学—水产养殖]