铁路视域下近代淮河流域社会力量的成长——以铁路工会为考察对象(1921～1937年)  

The Growth of Social Forces in the Modern Huaihe River Basin from the Perspective of Railway——Take the Railway Union as the Study Object

作　　者：黄华平 HUANG Hua-ping(School of Marxism,Wannan Medical College,Wuhu 241QQ2,China)

机构地区：[1]皖南医学院马克思主义学院,安徽芜湖241002

出　　处：《西南交通大学学报（社会科学版）》2018年第3期23-30,共8页Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：安徽省社科规划项目"近代津浦铁路运价研究1912-1937"(AHSKY2016D145);安徽省教育厅人文社科重大项目"铁路与淮河流域社会的演变"(SK2016SD61)

摘　　要：铁路工会是近代淮河流域一支重要的社会力量,组织分布广,会员人数多,其演变过程经历了"创立"、"中落和恢复"及"黄色工会"三个阶段。铁路工会一方面维护工人群体经济利益,在改善工人生活待遇、开展工人救济抚恤、举办铁路教育和休闲娱乐等方面发挥着积极作用;另一方面也代表着工人群体政治立场,并呈现出阶段性差异:1921~1927年,在政治上公开反对军阀和帝国主义,与中国共产党关系密切;1928~1937年,因受国民党控制,铁路工会政治立场发生逆转,演变成"黄色工会",沦为国民党政府的附庸。The railway union is an important social force in the modern Huaihe River basin,which has a wide distribution of organizations and a large number of members. Its development has gone through three stages： ＂creation＂,＂decline and recovery ＂,and ＂yellow union＂. On the one hand,the railway union maintains the economic interests of the workers,and plays an active role in improving workers’ living conditions, carrying out workers ’ relief and pension, and organizing railway education and entertainment; On the other hand,it also represents the political position of the workers,and presents the stage differences： From 1921 to 1927,the railway union openly opposed warlords and imperialism politically,and was closely related to the Communist Party of China; From 1928 to 1937,due to the control of the Kuomintang,the political position of the railway union was reversed,and it turned into a＂yellow union＂,which became the vassal of the KMT government.

关 键 词：淮河流域 铁路工会 黄色工会 中国共产党 国民党 政治立场 经济利益 

分 类 号：K26[历史地理—历史学]