培肥措施对烟田土壤团聚体及土壤碳库的影响  

Effect of Fertility Improvement on Soil Aggregates and Carbon Pools of Tobacco Fields

作　　者：叶协锋 李志鹏 于晓娜 王勇 刘浩 代先强 程昌新 张勇华 YE Xie-feng;LI Zhi-peng;YU Xiao-na;WANG Yong;LIU Hao;DAI Xian-qiang;CHENG Chang-xin;ZHANG Yong-hua(Tobacco Science College of Henan Agricultural University/National Tobacco Cultivation and Physiology and Biochemistry Research Centre/Key Laboratory for Tobacco Cultivation of Tobacco Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, China;Chongqing Tobacco Company, Chongqing 404100, China;Hongyun Honghe Company, Kunming 650000, China;Pengshui Tobacco Company of Chongqing, Pengshui 409600, China)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学烟草学院国家烟草栽培生理生化研究基地烟草行业烟草栽培重点实验室,河南郑州450002 [2]重庆市烟草公司,重庆404100 [3]红云红河烟草集团,云南昆明650000 [4]重庆市烟草公司彭水烟草分公司,重庆彭水409600

出　　处：《土壤通报》2018年第2期385-391,共7页Chinese Journal of Soil Science

基　　金：烟草行业烟草栽培重点实验室资助项目(30800665);重庆市烟草公司"云烟品牌导向型生态优质烟叶生产技术模式构建研究与推广"项目(NY20140401070010)资助

摘　　要：为探究施用有机肥(农家肥)对烟田土壤团粒结构及土壤有机碳库的影响,以云烟97为试验对象,大田试验于2015~2016年连续两年原位进行。结果表明:施用有机肥可以增加土壤R0.25(土壤中团粒结构大于0.25 mm所占部分)比例、腐殖酸总量、胡敏酸总量、土壤全碳、全氮含量,提高土壤碳氮比,并且有增加干筛土壤团粒几何平均直径(GMD)的趋势;单施化肥降低了土壤水稳性团聚体几何平均直径;移栽初期,施用有机肥土壤碳库管理指数低于常规施肥处理。但随着时间推移,施用有机肥处理土壤碳库管理指数升高达到均峰值,并随有机肥施用量的增加峰值出现时间推迟。施用有机肥后土壤碳库活度指数在烟株整个生育期内均相对较低,但在烟株生育过程呈增加趋势,而单施化肥处理则呈相反规律。常规施肥配施7500 kg hm^(-2)有机肥处理在烟株生长中期可以提高土壤胡富比;常规施肥配施15000 kg hm^(-2)有机肥增加土壤水稳性团聚体结构稳定性及土壤碳库管理指数,使土壤腐殖酸总碳量维持在较高水平。结论:施用有机肥对植烟土壤有较好的培肥效果。常规施肥配施15000 kg hm^(-2)有机肥改良土壤效果最好。To study the effects of organic fertilizer（farmyard manure） application on soil improvement of tobacco field,field experiment was carried out from 2015 to 2016 with the variety Yunyan 97 at Pengshui of Chongqing. Organic fertilizer application increased soil R0.25 ratio（the proportion of soil aggregates greater than 0.25 mm）, humus acid,humic acid, soil total carbon, total nitrogen content and C/N. And the treatment of organic fertilizer application showed the increase trend of geometric mean diameter（GMD）. Conventional fertilization decreased the GMD of water-stable aggregates. In the early stage of transplanting, soil carbon pool management index in the treatment of organic fertilizer application was lower than that in the conventional fertilization treatment. Soil carbon pool management index in the treatment of organic fertilizer application reached a peak value and the peak value appeared delay with the increase in the application rate of organic fertilizer. But soil labile carbon index in the treatment of organic fertilizer application was lower than that in the conventional fertilization treatment. Treatment T3 increased the ratio of humic acid to fulvic acid in middle stage of tobacco growth. Treatment T4 increased the structure stability of soil water-stable aggregate and soil carbon management index, and the total carbon content of soil humus acid maintained at high level. Organic fertilizer application had a better effect on tobacco-planted soil improvement. The conventional fertilization combined with 15000 kg hm^-2 organic fertilizer showed the best soil improvement.

关 键 词：土壤培肥 团粒结构 碳库管理指数 腐殖酸 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]