复合盐碱胁迫下半野生棉苗期耐盐性综合评价及其关键生理指标的变化  

Integrated Evaluation and the Physiological and Biochemical Responses of Semi-Wild Cotton under Complex Salt-Alkali Stress

作　　者：许艳超 韦洋洋 李振庆 蔡小彦 王玉红[1] 王星星 张振梅 王坤波[1] 刘方[1] 周忠丽[1] Xu Yanchaot;Wei Yangyangt;Li Zhenqing;Cai Xiaoyan;Wang Yuhong;Wang Xingxing;Zhang Zhenmei;Wang Kunbo;Liu Fang＊;Zhou Zhongli＊(State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology / Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural S~iences,Anyang,Henan 455000,Chin)

机构地区：[1]棉花生物学国家重点实验室/中国农业科学院棉花研究所,河南安阳455000

出　　处：《棉花学报》2018年第3期231-241,共11页Cotton Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目--半野生棉对新疆次生盐碱的应答机制及应用(31530053)

摘　　要：【目的】半野生棉遗传多样性丰富,具有较多优异的抗性基因源。本研究旨在初步了解半野生棉对新疆棉田复合盐碱胁迫的调控机理,探索室内鉴定评价半野生棉复合盐碱抗性的方法。【方法】本文选用陆地棉6份材料,水培鉴定复合盐碱胁迫下的表型,同时测定生物量和一些相关的生理生化指标。采用主成分赋权灰色模型分析、聚类分析和方差分析等方法综合评价苗期的耐盐性;采用相关性分析、灰色关联度分析等方法研究苗期生理生化响应机理。【结果】表型观测发现棉花新生叶片损伤程度较高,阔叶棉130叶片损伤程度高于其他棉种。主成分赋权灰色模型综合评价表明6份棉花材料的复合盐碱抗性顺序为:玛利加朗特85>阔叶棉32>中棉所16>中棉所12>阔叶棉40>阔叶棉130。生理生化分析表明活性氧清除是盐碱胁迫下重要的响应系统。研究也发现胁迫48 h内,盐敏感与耐盐两类材料的响应程度不同,包括根中的抗坏血酸过氧化物酶、过氧化氢酶、叶中的过氧化物酶活性具有不同的变化趋势。【结论】研究证明了室内鉴定评价半野生棉复合盐碱抗性的方法准确可信,揭示了活性氧平衡系统是棉花调控复合盐碱胁迫响应的重要系统。同时本研究为棉花盐碱抗性机理的研究、耐盐碱材料的选育、内源抗性基因的挖掘提供了材料和理论依据。[Objective] The genetic diversity of semi-wild cotton was abundant, so more new-elite resistant genes could be found and applied to improve the resistance of cotton. The aim of this study was to primarily study on the regulation of response to salt-alkali stress, explore the method of integrated evaluation and characterize the resistance of semi-wild cotton. [Method] Four semi-wild and two cultivated Gossypium hirsutum accessions were evaluated for phonotypical, physiological and biochemical traits under alkali-salt versus normal conditions in hydroponic solutions. The alkali-salt tolerance was determined based on prin- cipal component analysis, cluster analysis, correlation analysis, grey rational analysis and analysis of variance. [Result] On the basis of the overall results, the alkali-salt stress tolerance of the six accessions was ranked as： Marie-galante85 〉 Latifolium32 〉 CRI16 〉 CRI12 〉 Latifolium40 〉 Latifoliuml30. Roots were found to be the most important responsive systems to complex al- kali-salt stress. At seedling growth stage, the active scavenging system played a crucial role in response to alkali-salt stress. In addition, the salt tolerant and salt sensitive accessions showed different response tends towards leaf peroxidase, root ascorbate peroxidase and root catalase within 48 h, suggesting the accessions have different levels of response to salt stress. [Conclusion]Our study identified the most alkali-salt tolerant accessions and provided basic concept of complex alkali-salt tolerance mecha- nism within cotton accessions. And, our study provided a simple and rapid, highly accurate and precise method for evaluating salt resistance of cotton, and proved that the balance of ROS system play an important role in response to salt-alkali stress. Hence, mining of salt tolerant genes from these accessions may facilitate the development of novel salt tolerant variety.

关 键 词：半野生棉 苗期 复合盐碱 抗盐性 

分 类 号：S562.01[农业科学—作物学]