一种防治棉花黄萎病的生物复合种衣剂的研制  

Development of a Biological Complex Seed-Coating Agent to Control Verticillium Wilt

作　　者：陈丽华[1] 何鹏飞[1,2] 袁德超 欧晓慧 吴毅歆 何月秋[3,2] Chen Lihua;He Pengfei;Yuan Dechao;Ou Xiaohui;Wu Yixin;He Yueqiu(Faculty of Plant Protection,Yutman Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,China;Faculty of Agronomy and Biotech-nology,YAU,Kunming 650201,China;National and Local Yoint Engineering Research Center for Screening and Application of Microbial $traius,Kutuning 650217,China)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学植物保护学院,昆明650201 [2]微生物菌种筛选与应用国家地方联合工程研究中心,昆明650217 [3]云南农业大学农学与生物技术学院,昆明650201

出　　处：《棉花学报》2018年第3期282-291,共10页Cotton Science

基　　金：云南科技支撑计划项目(2014BB018)

摘　　要：【目的】为充分发挥甲基营养型芽孢杆菌菌株LH-L3的抑菌和促生长作用,将该菌株作为复方种衣剂的有效成分,引入到化学种衣剂。【方法】通过测定4种配方的种衣剂对带菌种子的杀菌效果,确定最佳配方;采用平板法测定菌株存活情况,确定其货架期;进行温室盆栽试验,研究其防治病虫害的效果。【结果】4号配方种衣剂(克百威10%(质量分数,下同)、咯菌腈2.5%、福美双10%、10~9cfu·m L^(-1)LH-L3)杀菌效果最好,室温贮藏半年后有效活菌量仍达到1.1×10~5cfu·m L^(-1)。在盆栽试验中,出苗15 d时该种衣剂包衣棉种出苗率、株高、最大叶宽比对照分别提高11.54%、18.74%、20.91%。在棉花发生黄萎病2 d和5 d时,发病率分别降低65.42%和48.56%。包衣种子棉苗棉大卷叶螟的被害株率比空白对照降低66.92百分点,防治效果达92.33%。【结论】LH-L3菌株与化学农药复配作为种衣剂完全可行,且本试验研制的生物复合种衣剂对棉花黄萎病和棉大卷叶螟有较好的防治效果。[Objective] The aim of this study is to make use of the antagonism and growth promoting ability of Bacillus methy- lophicusstrain LH-L3, and add it into the chemical seed-coating agent as an active ingredient. [Method] The optimum formula （agent No.4： 2.5% fludioxonil @ 10% thiram @ 10% carbofuran @ 109 cfu-mL 1LH-L3） was obtained based on the sterilization effect of four seed coating agents on infected seed. Then the survival ability of the strain in agent No.4 and its shelf life were i- dentified by plate test. Finally, the disease and pest control effects were tested in the greenhouse pot experiment. [Result] The results showed that the agent No. 4 had the best control effect, and 1.1 ~ 105 cfu-mL 1 of LH-L3 after storage at room tempera- ture for 6 months. Compared with the control, the formula No. 4 increased 11.54% emergence rate, 18.74% plant type height and 20.91% leaf width, respectively, in the 15th day after emergence, and decreased 65.42% and 48.56% of Verticillium wilt at day 2 and day 5 after the disease occurred. The cotton seeds coated with formula No. 4 reduced 83.07% of plant and 92.33% of leaf damaged by Sylepta derogata, compared with the negative control without seed coating. [Conclusion] Strain LH-L3 and chemi- cal pesticide compound as a seed coat agent is completely feasible. And the developed biological complex seed-coating agent has better control effect on Verticillium wilt and Sylepta derogate.

关 键 词：棉花 甲基营养型芽孢杆菌 大丽轮枝菌 生物种衣剂 

分 类 号：S435.621[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]