新疆乌鲁木齐市犬布鲁氏菌病流行病学调查  

Epidemiological Investigation of Canine Brucellosis in Urumqi City of Xinjiang

作　　者：王涛[1] 张寅生 王六合[1] 李爱巧[1] 杨启元[1] 王文秀[1] 马卫平[1] 徐敏[1] 杨小亮[1] 方新元 张启耀 Wang Tao;Zhang Yinsheng;Wang Liuhe;Li Aiqiao;Yang Qiyuan;Wang Wenxiu;Ma Weiping;Xu Min;Yang Xiaoliang;Fang Xinyuan;Yang Qiyao(Urumqi Center of Animal Disease Control and Diagnosis,Urumqi,Xinjiang830063,China;Veterinary Station of Dabancheng District,Urumqi,Xinjiang830017,China;Veterinary Station of Midong District,Urumqi,Xinjiang830019;Veterinary Station of Urumqi County,Urumqi,Xinjiang830063,China)

机构地区：[1]乌鲁木齐市动物疾病控制与诊断中心,新疆乌鲁木齐830063 [2]达坂城区畜牧兽医站,新疆乌鲁木齐830017 [3]米东区畜牧兽医站,新疆乌鲁木齐830019 [4]乌鲁木齐县畜牧兽医站,新疆乌鲁木齐830063

出　　处：《中国动物检疫》2018年第6期8-11,共4页China Animal Health Inspection

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区基层青年科技人才培养项目(QN2016JC0475);乌鲁木齐市科技局科学技术计划(P161210004)

摘　　要：为了解新疆乌鲁木齐市犬布鲁氏菌病流行特征,分析犬感染风险因素,初步掌握养犬人员对布鲁氏菌病的认知程度和行为特点,从而提出合理的预防对策和控制措施,采用流行病学横断面研究方法,通过估计流行率计算抽样数量,然后随机抽样,采用IELISA方法检测光滑型和粗糙型犬布鲁氏菌,同时结合调查问卷,获得乌鲁木齐市犬布鲁氏菌病流行率、感染风险因素和养犬人员对布鲁氏菌病认知情况,并对调查结果采用SPSS和Excel软件进行数据统计分析。结果显示:乌鲁木齐市犬布鲁氏菌病总流行率为25.5%(95%CI:20.9%~30.1%),且犬种和牛羊种并存,公共卫生威胁严重;从不同群体看,牧区流行率最高,为41.5%(95%CI:31.0%~52.0%);外购、散养、常接触牛羊、喂生肉、不处理犬粪便等行为是乌鲁木齐市犬布鲁氏菌感染的潜在风险因素,其中"常接触牛羊"(OR=1.97,95%CI:1.47~15.35)、"喂生肉"(OR=5.06,95%CI:1.69~20.74)是主要风险因素;乌鲁木齐市养犬人员对布鲁氏菌病的认知程度低,个人防护意识差。因此,应加强对犬感染牛羊种布鲁氏菌的公共卫生防控,减少犬与牛羊的直接接触,不喂生肉,定期开展犬布鲁氏菌病专项检测,同时加强宣传,提高养犬人员的布鲁氏菌病认知度。In order to recognize the epidemiological characteristics of canine Brucellosis,analyze the relevant risk factors,preliminarily master the cognition degree and behavioral characteristics of dog keepers for Brucellosis control,so as to put forward reasonable prevention and control measures,the cross-sectional study method was used to calculate the sample size by estimating the prevalence rate,then random sampling was adopted,and both smooth and rough Brucella were detected by IELISA in combination with the questionnaires,the prevalence rate,infection risk factors and the cognition of dog keepers were obtained. Meanwhile,the statistical analysis of the results was conducted by SPSS and Excel softwares. Results showed that the overall prevalence rate of canine Brucellosis in Urumqi was 25.5%（95% CI ：20.9% to 30.1%）. Besides,the Brucella of canine and ovine species coexisted,which posed a severe threat to public health. Among the different groups,the Brucellosis prevalence rate in pastoral areas was the highest,with the ratio of 41.5%（95% CI ：31.0% to 52.0%）. The potential risk factors causing Brucellosis infection include the following behaviors ：buying dogs outside Urumqi,keeping them in free range,feeding the dogs raw meat,not cleaning up dog feces in time,as well as the frequent contact of dogs with cattle and sheep. Furthermore,the main factors were frequent contact of dogs with cattle and sheep（OR=1.97,95%CI ：1.47 to 15.35）and feeding the dogs raw meat（OR=5.06,95%CI ：1.69 to 20.74）. In addition,the recognition degree of dog keepers for Brucellosis was relatively low,and the personal protection awareness was poor. Therefore,some suggestions were put forward,including reducing the direct contact frequency of dogs with cattle and sheep,stopping feeding raw meat to dogs,regularly conducting Brucellosis special detection,at the same time,strengthening publicity,as well as raising the Brucellosis cognition awareness of dog keepers.

关 键 词：布鲁氏菌病 犬 流行病学 横断面调查 风险因素 

分 类 号：S851.3[农业科学—预防兽医学]