生物质炭对茂兰喀斯特森林土壤呼吸与有机碳的影响  

Effects of Biochars on Soil Respiration and SOC Content of Origin Forest Soil in Maolan Karst Area of Guizhou, China

作　　者：张明江 龙健[1] 李娟[2] 廖洪凯[1] 刘灵飞[1] 赵畅 华健 ZHANG Mingjiang;LONG Jian;LI Juan;LIAO Hongkai;LIU Lingfei;ZHAO Chang;HUA Jian(Guizhou Key Laboratory of Mountain Environment, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China;Department of Geography and Environmental Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China)

机构地区：[1]贵州师范大学贵州省山地环境重点实验室,贵阳550001 [2]贵州师范大学地理与环境科学学院,贵阳550001

出　　处：《土壤》2018年第2期333-340,共8页Soils

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(414601072;41661045;41601249;31360121)资助

摘　　要：以贵州茂兰喀斯特国家自然保护区原始森林中的优势种青冈(Cyclobalanopsis glauca)凋落物(L)和对应的森林土壤(S)为研究对象,在两种不同温度(400℃、600℃)下将凋落物制成生物质炭(BC400、BC600),设置土壤(S)、土壤+凋落物(S+L)、土壤+BC400(S+BC400)、土壤+BC600(S+BC600)4个处理进行室内培养(1 kg土中加12.5 g生物质炭),在培养过程中动态监测土壤呼吸、土壤有机碳、碳氮比和pH,分析青冈凋落物与其生物质炭对森林土壤呼吸和有机碳含量等变化的影响。结果表明:在添加量为12.5 g/kg的条件下,25℃培养180 d后,与对照组相比,3组添加不同物质的处理S+L、S+BC400、S+BC600中碳的净释放量分别增加了34.98%、42.45%、9.83%,青冈凋落物与其生物质炭的添加均对土壤呼吸起到了明显的促进作用(P<0.05);对培养前后土壤有机碳含量对比发现,低温生物质炭(BC400)的添加促进了微生物对土壤有机碳的转化,而高温生物质炭(BC600)作用相反,从短期来看,具有一定的固碳作用,为生物质炭在喀斯特森林土壤碳固定应用方面提供了参考依据。The litters （L） of the dominant species Cyclobalanopsis glauca and soil （S） under the virgin forest in the National Nature Reserve of Maolan karst area of Guizhou were used as the study materials. Biochars （BC400 and BC600） were made from L under 400 ℃ and 600 ℃, respectively. Four kinds of treatments were designed including S, S＋L, S＋BC400 and S＋BC600 for a lab incubation （biochar 12.5 g/kg soil）. Soil respiration, organic carbon （SOC）, C/N ratio and pH were monitored dynamically during the incubation. The results showed that carbon net release rates of S＋L, S＋BC400 and S＋BC600 increased by 34.98%, 42.45% and 9.83% compared with S in 180 d under 25 ℃, respectively, indicating the litters and biochars both significantly accelerated soil respiration （P〈0.05）. SOC content changes before and after incubation proved that BC400 promoted microbe transformation in SOC, but BC600 showed an inversive trend which can provide a reference for biochar applying for carbon sequestration in karst forest soil.

关 键 词：生物质炭 原始森林土壤 土壤呼吸 有机碳 茂兰喀斯特地区 

分 类 号：S153.6[农业科学—土壤学]