铜资源在经济发展中的安全保障建议——对铜在新能源时代的应用前景的思考  

Suggestions on Copper Security in Economic and Social Development——Thoughts on Application Prospects of Copper in the Age of Renewable Energy

作　　者：程萍[1] 余韵[1] 刘超[1] CHENG Ping;YU Yun;LIU Chao(Chinese Academy of Land ＆ Resource Economics, Beijing 101149, China)

机构地区：[1]中国国土资源经济研究院,北京101149

出　　处：《矿业研究与开发》2018年第5期114-119,共6页Mining Research and Development

摘　　要：铜在国民经济发展中具有重要的战略地位,在新能源及其产业不断发展的今天,铜的重要性愈加凸显。可再生能源系统平均使用的铜是传统发电系统的8~12倍,电动汽车的铜使用量较传统内燃机汽车的23kg铜,增加到39kg到369kg不等,铜在电动汽车中的使用量将从2017年的20.4万t增加到2027年的189.9万t。预计"十三五"期间,中国电动汽车的数量将增加到500万辆左右,充电站数量将增加到12000个,预计铜在交通运输领域中的使用量约为470万t。铜需求量在不断攀升,但我国的铜资源还存在资源禀赋不佳、综合利用率低、废铜回收率有待提升、对外依存度高等问题。为保障我国的铜资源使用安全,应充分利用国内和国外两个市场,加强国内资源勘查,维护好已有的铜资源进口国关系,同时利用"一带一路"倡议,在资源丰富的国家以参股、收购废弃矿山、兼并购等形式参与资源勘查开发,提高储采比,保障国家的铜资源战略安全。Copper has a strategic meaning in the development of national economy.Nowadays,with the development of new energy and relevant industries,the key role of copper has become more and more obvious.The average copper usage in renewable energy power system is 8~12 times than that in traditional power system,and increases from 39~369 kg in new energy vehicles comparing with the 23 kg in internal-combustion vehicles.Thus,copper usage in electric vehicles will increase from204,000 tin 2017 to 1,899,000 tin 2027.In the period of 13 th Five-Year Plan,electric vehicles will increase to about 5 million,charging station will be 12,000,and copper usage in transportation will be about 4,700,000 t.The demands for copper will be increasing,however,in China copper sources still have problems like poor resources endowment,low comprehensive utilization,low rate of copper scrap recovery and high degree of external dependence.To ensure the using security of China＇s copper,both domestic and foreign markets should be fully utilized.In domestic market,resource geological prospecting should be strengthened.While in overseas,existing partnership should be maintained with importing countries.At the same time,making good use of ＂Belt and Road＂ initiative,resource exploration and developing should be participated by ways of share-participation,acquisition of abandoned mines and merger in other countries with rich copper recourse,so as to finally increase the reserve-production ratio and ensure the strategic security of the copper resources in China.

关 键 词：铜应用 可再生能源 新能源汽车 战略安全 

分 类 号：F426[经济管理—产业经济]