植物叶表附属物对大气颗粒物滞留及再悬浮的影响研究:以空气凤梨为例  

Effects of Foliar Trichomes on the Retention and Resuspension of Atmospheric Particulates: in the Case of Tillandsia velutina

作　　者：张伟[1] 张瑞文[1] 郑桂灵[1] 李鹏[1] ZHANG Wei;ZHANG Rui-Wen;ZHENG Gui-Ling;LI Peng(College of Resource and Environment,Qingdao Agricultural University,Qingdao 266109)

机构地区：[1]青岛农业大学资源与环境学院,青岛266109

出　　处：《植物研究》2018年第3期444-452,共9页Bulletin of Botanical Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41571472)~~

摘　　要：植物叶表附属物是与大气颗粒物最先接触的结构,但现在少有研究表明这些特殊结构是如何影响大气颗粒物的滞留的。因此,本研究以具有典型叶表面附属物-鳞片的植物-空气凤梨维路提拉为实验对象,通过人工去除鳞片,比较鳞片的有无对其叶片滞尘量的影响,并比较了不同时间、不同风力强度条件下其叶片表面所滞留的大气颗粒物再悬浮的比例。结果表明,未去除叶表鳞片的维路提拉的最大滞尘量(23.24±0.11 g·m^(-2))和自然滞尘量(10.22±0.92 g·m^(-2))均显著高于去除鳞片的植株(P<0.05)。大气颗粒物沉降到叶片表面后,在风力作用下,去除鳞片的空气凤梨植株上超过99.0%的粉尘会被吹起,而未去除鳞片的空气凤梨植株上这一比例仅有28.1%。而且,鳞片去除的越多,大气颗粒物的再悬浮比例越大。以上结果表明维路提拉叶表鳞片对大气颗粒物的作用不仅体现在总滞尘量上,而且体现在大气颗粒物的再悬浮过程中,它会有效降低沉降于叶表面颗粒物的再悬浮,起着促进颗粒物滞留的作用。Foliar trichomes are the specialized structures getting in touch with atmospheric particles firstly.However,effects of foliar trichomes on particulate retention have not been investigated until now.So epiphytic Tillandsia velutina with typical foliar trichomes was selected as materials,and its trichomes were removed artificially to investigate the particulate retention and resuspension under different wind strengths and operation time.The maximum（23.24 ±0.11 g · m-2） and the natural particle retention contents（10.22 ±0.92 g · m-2） with all the foliar trichomes were significantly higher than those without foliar trichomes （P 〈 0.05）.After the atmospheric particles deposited on the leaf surface,more than 99.0% dust was blown away by the wind in the plants without trichomes,while the proportion was only 28.1% for those plants with trichomes.Moreover,more folair trichomes were removed,more particles were resuspended.Therefore,the effects of foliar trichomes of T.velutina on the retention and resuspension of atmospheric particulates was reflected not only in the total amount of atmospheric particulates,but also in the process of atmospheric particulate resuspension.Foliar trichomes would decrease the resuspension of the atmospheric particles descending on the leave surface,and promote the retention of these particles.

关 键 词：空气植物 大气污染 叶表附属物 再悬浮 

分 类 号：Q949.718.16[生物学—植物学]