2011-2016年松江区预防接种不良事件监测分析  

Analysis on AEFI monitoring in Songjiang district from 2011-2016

作　　者：沈金花 陈文花 顾士康 朱祺 陆红梅 SHEN Jin-hua;CHEN Wen-hua;GU Shi-kang;ZHU Qi;LU Hong-mei(Songjiang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 201620, China)

机构地区：[1]松江区疾病预防控制中心,上海201620

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2018年第10期1890-1894,共5页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析2011-2016年松江区预防接种不良事件(AEFI)报告情况,为提高预防接种的安全性和做好AEFI调查处置工作提供依据。方法通过"中国免疫规划信息管理系统"收集2011-2016年松江区AEFI报告数据,并进行描述性分析。结果 2011-2016年松江区共报告预防接种4 454 897剂次,报告AEFI涉及7 300人,其中不良反应7 284人(一般反应6 866人,异常反应418人),偶合症16人,AEFI平均报告发生率为163.86人/10万剂次。报告的AEFI中男女性别比为1.34∶1,且多发生于0岁和1岁婴幼儿中。夏季是AEFI发生的高峰期,且67.32%的AEFI发生于接种后24 h之内。AEFI临床诊断以发热、红肿、硬结反应为主,占总报告AEFI的90.01%,过敏性皮疹排第二位且在异常反应中发生率最高。报告的AEFI中狂犬病免疫血清的AEFI报告发生率和异常反应报告发生率均为最高。经比较,3种不同脊灰疫苗、减活乙脑和灭活乙脑疫苗、3种含百白破成分的疫苗AEFI发生率均有统计学差异(χ~2=2.456,P<0.01;χ~2=41.872,P<0.01;χ~2=9.794,P<0.01)。结论松江区AEFI的监测敏感有效。现行的预防接种疫苗安全可靠,预防接种服务规范。一个品质安全的预防性生物制品加之专业技术人员专业素养和工作规范的落实执行,将可以持续保持预防接种的安全和有效。Objective To analyze the report of adverse events following immunization（AEFI） in Songjiang district from 2011-2016, and to provide evidence for improving the safety of vaccination and doing a good job in AEFI investigation and disposal. Methods The AEFI data reported in Songjiang District from 2011-2016 were collected through the ＂China information management system for immunization programming＂ and the descriptive methodology was used to analyze the data. Results A total of 4454897 people were vaccinated in Songjiang District from 2011-2016, with 7300 AEFI cases reported, which included 7284 adverse reactions（6866 cases with general reactions, 418 cases with abnormal reactions） and16 vaccine-coupled reactions. The average reported incidence rate was 163.86/100000. The ratio of male to female was 1.34：1, and most of the AEFI occurred in infants aged from 0 to 1 year old. Summer was the peak season of AEFI cases, and67.32% of them occurred within 24 hours after vaccination. The clinical diagnosis of AEFI was mainly fever, redness and induration, accounting for 90.01% of the total reported AEFI. The allergic rash ranked second and had the highest incidence rate in the abnormal reactions. Among the reported AEFI cases, the rabies immune serum had the highest incidence rates of both AEFI and the abnormal reactions. By comparison, there were statistical differences in the incidence rates of 3 polio vaccines, live attenuated and inactivated JE vaccine, and 3D Ta P-containing vaccines. Conclusion The monitoring of AEFI in Songjiang District is sensitive and effective. Also, the current vaccination is safe and reliable, and the preventive inoculation service is standardized. It will continually maintain the safety and effectiveness of vaccination on the premise of a safe, high-quality preventive biological product, professional and technical personnel professionalism and implementation of work norms.

关 键 词：预防接种 预防性生物制品 AEFI 监测 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]