20世纪40年代钱庄业的复兴与改制——以永嘉县为例的考察  

Qianzhuang's Revival and Reform in the 1940s:A Case Study of Yongjia County

作　　者：林矗[1] Lin Chu

机构地区：[1]上海财经大学公共经济与管理学院

出　　处：《中国经济史研究》2018年第3期97-120,共24页Researches in Chinese Economic History

摘　　要：随着近代经济的转型和新式金融业的兴起,以钱庄为主的传统钱业日益衰微。20世纪40年代初,面对财政部的严苛监管,各地钱庄陆续重新登记入册,并在地方游资的带动下逐步增加资本、扩大经营范围,以寻求复兴。抗日战争胜利后,在银行竞争的压力下,钱庄试图以"银行化"自救,将组织形式改为股份有限公司。战后钱业的颠踬奋起,主要取决于各庄股东对于"银行化"复兴之路的清晰认知,以及通过搭建紧密的关系联络网而形成"地方钱商业同业组织"的利益保护体系。然而,钱庄为其根深蒂固的不良经营习惯与制度缺陷所羁绊,终无法改变传统钱业衰落颓败的必然结果。在战时偏安一隅的浙江省永嘉县,其辖属33家钱庄的增资与改组过程恰反映了地方钱庄在衰落绝境中的上述资本扩张与制度调适,为近代钱业衰落与转型研究提供了新的思路。With the transformation of modern economy and rise banking which was dominated by qianzhuang gradually declined. of new financial industry, the native In the face of strict supervision from finance ministry, qianzhuang across China were re-registered, increased capital and expanded the business scope for revival in early 1940s. After victory against japan, under the pressure of competition with the banks, qianzhuang had to changed organization form to incorporated company. The rise of qianzhuang postwar, mainly depends on the bank shareholders＇ clear cognition for the revival and the formation of the local money trade organization. However, limited by the bad ingrained operating habits and drawbacks, the traditional banking industry＇s decline was an inevitable result. The capital expansion and reorganization of 33 qianzhuang in Yongjia county of Zhejiang province exactly reflects the above process, which provides a new way for the banking industry decline and transition study in modern China.

关 键 词：钱庄衰落 金融管制 增资改组 永嘉县 

分 类 号：F832.9[经济管理—金融学]