2014—2017年烟台市农村土壤卫生监测结果分析及评价  

The Monitoring Result Analysis and Evaluation on Soil Sanitation in Rural Areas of Yantai from 2014 to 2017

作　　者：徐建军[1] 刘磊[1] 王松松[1] 李芸 于桂梅[1] XU Jianjun;LIU lei;WANG Songsong;LI yun;YU Guimei

机构地区：[1]烟台市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《环境卫生学杂志》2018年第2期139-143,共5页JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE

摘　　要：目的了解和掌握烟台市农村环境土壤中重金属铅、镉、铬及蛔虫卵污染状况,为土壤污染防治制订政策措施提供依据和支持。方法 2014—2017年按照农村环境卫生监测项目方案要求,每年在蓬莱市等4个县市区选择随机选择5个乡镇,每个乡镇随机选择4个行政村作为监测采样点。4年共采集样品320份,对土壤中的重金属铅、镉、铬及蛔虫卵进行测定,并按照《土壤环境质量标准》(GB 15618-1995)进行评价,采用单项指数法和综合指数法评价土壤铅、镉、铬污染程度。结果 320份土壤样品中,蛔虫卵阳性土壤130份,阳性率40.63%,活卵阳性土壤40份,阳性率12.5%。土壤中铅、镉、铬中位数分别为23.78、0.22、63.89,镉超标率为22.81%。全市铅、镉、铬单因子污染指数分别为0.76、1.25、0.70,综合污染指数为1.09,土壤污染水平为轻度污染。结论烟台市农村地区土壤中蛔虫卵及活卵阳性率较高,部分地区农村环境土壤中存在一定程度的镉污染,应引起重视。Objectives To understand and grasp the pollution status of the heavy metals(lead,cadmium,and chromium） and Ascaris eggs in rural environmental soil of Yantai and providing the basis and support for the formulation of policies measures for the and control prevention of soil pollution.Methods According to the rural environmental sanitation monitoring program,5 villages and towns were selected randomly every year in 4 counties or cities including Penglai,and 4 administrative villages in each township were randomly selected as monitoring sampling points in the year 2014-2017.Overall,320 soil samples were collected during the 4 years.The concentrations of lead,cadmium,chromium and Ascaris eggs in them were determined and assessed based on the ＂Soil Environmental Quality Standard＂(GB 15618-1995.The concentrations of lead,cadmium,and chromium in soil were analyzed with a single index and the composite index method.Results Among the 320 soil samples,130 were positive for Ascaris eggs,the positive rate was 40.63%,and 40 positive for live egg,the positive rate was 12.5%.The median of Pb,Cd and Cr concentrations in soil were 23.78,0.22 and 63.89 mg/kg,respectively,and the exceeding rate of Cd was 22.81%.The single factor pollution index of Pb,Cd and Cr in the soil of Yantai was 0.76,1.25 and 0.70,respectively.The comprehensive pollution index was 1.09,belonging to a light pollution level.Conclusions The positive rate of Ascaris eggs and live eggs in the rural soil of Yantai is relatively high.There is a certain degree of Cd pollution in the rural environmental soil in some areas.Which should be paid attention to.

关 键 词：农村 土壤 重金属 污染 评价 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]