我国电力普遍服务电价制度设计与实施建议——兼析国外普遍服务电价政策的做法  

The Design and Implementation of Electricity Universal Service Tariffs Policy in China——and analyze the practice of Electricity Universal Service Tariffs Policy abroad

作　　者：叶泽[1] 吴永飞[1] 李成仁[2] 尤培培[2] 

机构地区：[1]长沙理工大学 [2]国网能源研究院

出　　处：《价格理论与实践》2017年第9期20-25,共6页Price:Theory & Practice

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(12&ZD051);国家社会科学一般项目(17BJY059);湖南省社科基金基地项目(17JD02);国网能源院科技项目<电价交叉补贴测算分析及技术评估>;湖南省研究生科研创新项目(CX2015B366)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：中共中央国务院关于电力体制改革的9号文将解决交叉补贴问题作为三大任务之一。然而由于交叉补贴缺乏针对性,直接取消交叉补贴最大的受害群体是低收入居民用户,特别是到2020年要求我国全面建成小康社会,缩小贫富差距,因此电力普遍服务电价政策的设计和实施尤为关键。本文在借鉴国外普遍服务政策的基础上,区别农村和城市居民用户将收入作为界定援助对象的指标,引入电力恩格尔系数来确定普遍服务援助对象和核算电费折扣比例,通过社会福利分析确定了普遍服务资金的来源对象和金额,提出符合我国的电力普遍电价政策建议,以尽早解决我国交叉补贴问题,推进电力普遍服务建设进程。Document No. 9 of the Power System Reform will address cross-subsidy issues as one of the three major tasks.However, cross-subsidy lacks pertinence,the largest victims of the direct elimination of cross-subsidy are low-income residents,In particular, China will be required to fully build a well-to-do society by 2020 and narrow the gap between the rich and the poor. Therefore, the design and implementation of the policy on Electricity Universal Service Tariffs are particularly crucial.Based on the reference of the Universal Service Policy in foreign countries, this paper distinguishes rural and urban residents from using income as an indicator to define the target of assistance,Introducing the Engel＇s Coefficient of Electricity to determine the target of Universal Service Assistance and calculate the discount ratio of electricity tariffs,we determine the source and amount of Universal Service Funding through the analysis of social welfare,this paper puts forward the China＇s general policy of electricity tariffs in order to solve the cross-subsidy issue as soon as possible and promote the process of Electricity Universal Service.

关 键 词：电力普遍服务 交叉补贴 电力恩格尔系数 电价折扣 

分 类 号：F426.61[经济管理—产业经济]