欧盟在中国市场经济地位问题上的态度演变分析  

The EU's Changing Attitudes towards China's Market Economy Status

作　　者：何蓉[1] 连增[1] 游洋 

机构地区：[1]北京外国语大学国际商学院

出　　处：《国际论坛》2018年第3期61-68,78,共8页International Forum

基　　金：北京市社会科学基金项目"世界服务贸易规则新动向与北京服务贸易竞争力提升研究"(15JGB059)阶段性成果

摘　　要：依据《中华人民共和国加入世界贸易组织议定书》第15条,自2016年12月11日起,在对我国企业发起反倾销调查时,任何世界贸易组织成员不得使用"替代国"做法,但以欧美为代表的一些世界贸易组织成员却执意不执行该条款。2016年11月,欧盟提出了"市场扭曲"以变相延续"替代国"做法,2017年11月,欧洲议会通过了反倾销反补贴调查新方法修正规章,引入了"市场扭曲"概念和标准,欧盟还公布了首份《市场扭曲报告》。本文将梳理欧盟在中国"入世十五条问题"及市场经济地位问题上态度的演变始末,并从经济、政治、法律角度来分析影响欧盟态度变化的因素。对于欧盟对华反倾销中的"替代国"做法,中国目前已提出世界贸易组织争端解决机制的磋商请求。与此同时,中国还应进一步推进自身经济贸易结构转型,以应对欧盟可能继续采取的贸易保护措施。According to Article 15 of China's Accession Protocol to the WTO,from December 11,2016,no WTO member may use a third-party country as a substitute when initiating anti-dumping investigations against Chinese companies.However,some WTO members such as the EU and the United States refuse to implement the clause.In November 2016,the EU introduced the notion of "market distortion" so that it can continue the "surrogate country" approach in disguise.In November 2017,the European Parliament incorporated the "market distortion" notion in its amendment to legal provisions that regulate anti-dumping and countervailing investigations,and the European Commission subsequently issued the first "market distortion report" on China.This paper will review the evolution of the EU's attitude towards Article 15 of China's Accession Protocol to the WTO and China's market economy status,and analyze the factors that influence the EU's attitude towards this issue from the economic,political,and legal perspectives.China has made consultation requests to the WTO's Dispute Settlement Body(DSB)to deal with the EU's"surrogate country" practice in anti-dumping against China.Meanwhile,China should further deepen its economic and trade transformation to cope with possible continuing protectionism by the EU.

关 键 词：欧盟 “入世十五条” 中国市场经济地位 反倾销 

分 类 号：F11[经济管理—国际贸易]