清政府一次失败的外交攻势——论释放大院君李昰应回国的原因与影响  

A Failed Diplomatic Offensive of the Qing Government:Study on the Reasons and Impacts of Heungseon Daewongun Yi Ha-eung's Release and Return Home

作　　者：张礼恒 Zhang Liheng

机构地区：[1]聊城大学历史文化学院

出　　处：《史学月刊》2018年第5期58-68,共11页Journal of Historical Science

基　　金：山东省社科规划重大项目"从闭关到开放:朝士视察团研究"(13BLBSJ02)

摘　　要：1885年10月,清政府释放大院君李昰应回国,是中朝关系史上极为重要的历史事件。事件的全部过程显示,这是李鸿章主动实施的一次外交攻势。李鸿章试图利用当时的国际形势,遏制朝鲜背清自立的倾向,封杀日本"共同管理朝鲜"的构想,借此强化对朝宗主权。但由于其过分看重与大院君李昰应治国理念的一致性,高估了李昰应的国内个人威望,低估了朝鲜政府的排拒意志,致使中朝关系急剧恶化,并引起了日本对华政策的新调整。事实证明,释放李昰应回国是一次高风险、低效益的外交投资,是一篇失败的外交记录。It is an extremely important event in the history of Sino-Korean relations that the Qing government released the Heungseon Daewongun Yi Ha-eung and allowed him to return home in October 1885.The whole incident indicates that it was a diplomatic offensive initiatively executed by Li Hongzhang.Li tried to utilize the favorable international situation at the time to curb Korea’s separatist tendency,destroy Japan’s＂co-managing Korea＂fantasy,and whereby strengthen China’s suzerainty over Korea.However,Li attached too much importance to his consistency with Heungseon Daewongun Yi Ha-eung in governing a country.He overestimated Yi’s personal prestige in Korea,underestimated Korean government’s rejection willpower,and brought about the rapid deterioration of Sino-Korean relations as well as the adjustment of Japan’s policy toward China.As it turned out,the release of Yi was a high-risk and low-profit diplomatic investment.It was a failed diplomatic attempt.

关 键 词：“甲申政变” “巨文岛事件” 李鸿章 李昰应 井上馨 

分 类 号：K256[历史地理—历史学]