原则与参数理论的生物语言学批评  

A Biolinguistics Critique on Principle and Parameter Theory

作　　者：杨烈祥 伍雅清[1] YANG Liexiang;WU Yaqing(College of Foreign Languages, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China)

机构地区：[1]湖南大学外国语学院,湖南长沙410082

出　　处：《外国语》2018年第3期23-30,共8页Journal of Foreign Languages

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学规划基金项目"基于生物语言学的合并机制研究"(17YJA740062)

摘　　要：原则与参数理论以语言天赋为理论起点,认为普遍语法由某些原则或同质生物结构组成,极大地促进了语言习得、跨语言比较研究和语言演变等方面的研究。在当前生物语言学平台上,原则与参数理论实际上是将语言表现型误以为语言基因型,以形式化手段将跨语言差异转换成类型推导,因而没有满足解释充分性目标和生物充分性要求,也无法解释语言起源和演化。语言生物设计是没有跨语言差异的合并机制,语言的形态发生是内生机制和外成系统动态互动过程,跨语言差异是后句法现象,如此解释回答了语言基因型的自然普遍性、表现型生态多样性以及导致多样性的原因等问题。Anchored on linguistic innateness, Principle and Parameter （PP） Theory assumes Universal Grammar is composed of some principles or isomorphic biological structures, which extensively enhances researches in language acquisition, cross-language comparison, and language change. Based on current biolinguistics, the paper argues that PP Theory essentially misinterprets linguistic phonotype as linguistic genotype, and transforms problems of cross-lan- guage variations to typology derivations in formal method, failing to meet the requirements of explanatory adequacy and biological adequacy, and to explain language origin and evolution. Merger without cross-language variation is a bi- ological design of language, and morphogenesis, a dynamic interaction between endogenous mechanism and epigenetic system, results in cross-language variations as post-syntax, which also explains the problems of the universal nature of genotype, ecological variation of phenotypes, and factors leading to such variations.

关 键 词：原则与参数理论 生物语言学 合并 形态发生 

分 类 号：H0[语言文字—语言学]