深圳地区手足口病肠道病毒核酸检测及流行特征分析  

Enterovirus nucleic acid detection and analysis on epidemiologic characteristics of hand-foot-month disease in Shenzhen area during 2015-2016

作　　者：朱纯青 马东礼[1] 蔡德丰[1] 刘孝荣[1] 钟山[2] Zhu Chunqing;Ma Dongli;Cai Defeng;Liu Xiaorong;Zhong Shan(Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shenzhen Children＇s Hospital, Shenzhen 518038, China;Hospital Office, Shenzhen Children＇s Hospital, Shenzhen 518038, Chin)

机构地区：[1]深圳市儿童医院检验科,518038 [2]深圳市儿童医院院办,518038

出　　处：《中国医师杂志》2018年第5期693-696,700,共5页Journal of Chinese Physician

基　　金：深圳市2015年基础研究知识创新计划项目资助(JCYJ20150403100317052);深圳市未来产业发展专项资金资助[深发改(2014)1712号]~~

摘　　要：目的分析2015年1月至2016年12月深圳地区的手足口病病原学特征,为手足口病的防治提供理论依据。方法统计2015年至2016年度深圳市儿童医院检验科的7 758份结果 ,运用实时荧光逆转录-聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR)法检测肠道病毒通用型(EV)、肠道病毒71型(EV71)和柯萨奇病毒A组16型(CoxA16),分析患者年龄、性别以及流行时间。结果在2015年及2016年度,深圳地区手足口病肠道病毒阳性率分别为67.19%(2 679/3 987)和52.61%(1 984/3 771),差异有统计学意义(x^2=71.84,P<0.05);男女患儿比例分别为1.91:1(1 757/922)和1.83:1(1 283/701),男女患病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);患儿年龄集中在<5岁(占患病总人数的90%以上);4～7月为发病高峰期;手足口病肠道病毒以其他肠道病毒为主(占患病总人数的82%以上);随着年龄的增长,重症手足口病患儿中,EV71比例递增,其他肠道病毒比例递减。结论接种疫苗不失为一种预防手足口病的好方法 ,针对手足口病的流行特征,监护机构应尽早送患儿进行诊治。Objective This study was to analysis the epidemiologic characteristics of hand-foot- month （HFMD） in Shenzhen during 2015 -2016, to provide reference for the prevention and treatment of HFMD. Methods 7 758 statistical data from Shenzhen children＇s hospital clinical lab during 2015 -2016 was included. We used real time fluorescent reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR） to detect enterovirus general （EV） , enterovirus 71 （ EV71 ） and eoxsackievirus A group 16 （CoxA16） , and analyzed the age, sex and epidemic time of the patients. Results In 2015 and 2016, the positive rate of EV was 67.19 % （2679/3987） and 52. 61% （ 1 984/3 771 ） respectively, with statistically significant difference （χ^2=71.84,P 〈0. 05）. The radio of male to female children was 1.91：1 （1 757/922） and 1.83：1 （ 1 283/701 ） in 2015 and 2016, with statistically significant difference （ P 〈 0.05 ）. The age of the children was 〈5 years old, accounting for more than 90% of the total number of patients. April to July and September were the two peaks of HFMD. The enterovirus of hand foot and mouth disease in Shenzhen was dominated by other enteroviruses （more than 82% of the total number of patients）. With the increase of age, the proportion of EV71 in children with severe hand and foot was increasing, and the proportion of other enteroviruses was decreasing. Conclusions Vaccination is one of the important measures of HFMD control. It＇s beneficial for the diagnosis and treatment of HFMD to collected epidemiologic characteristics data about HFMD in Shenzhen. [ Key words ]

关 键 词：手足口病/病毒学 肠道病毒属/遗传学 流行病学研究 

分 类 号：R725.1[医药卫生—儿科]