首都圈西北部主要活动断裂CO_2、Rn、Hg脱气对环境的影响  

Environmental impact of CO_2,Rn and Hg degassing from the main faults of northwest area of the Beijing region,China

作　　者：李静[1,2] 周晓成[2] 石宏宇 孙凤霞[2] 陆丽娜[1] 陈超[3] 曾令华[3] 陈志[2] LI Jing;ZHOU Xiaocheng;SHI Hongyu;SUN Fengxia;LU Lina;CHEN Chao;ZENG Linghua;CHEN Zhi(Institute of Disaster Prevention, Langfang, 065201, China;Key Laboratory of Earthquake Prediction, Institute of Earthquake Science, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing, 100036, China;Kang Ding Seismic Station in Sichuan Seismological Bureau, Kangding, 626000, China)

机构地区：[1]防灾科技学院,廊坊065201 [2]中国地震局地震预测重点实验室地震预测研究所,北京100036 [3]四川省地震局康定地震台,康定626000

出　　处：《环境化学》2018年第5期931-941,共11页Environmental Chemistry

基　　金：中国地震局地震预测研究所基本科研业务费(2016IES010304;2014IES010202;30217240141;30215240141);国家青年自然科学基金(41673106)资助~~

摘　　要：活动断裂带能够向大气释放一定量的温室气体及有害气体(如CO_2,Rn,Hg等),对大气环境产生一定的影响.于2012年5月和2013年5月对首都圈西北部9条活动断裂带CO_2、Rn和Hg的脱气浓度及通量进行了测量,并计算了CO_2和Hg脱气对大气的年贡献量.结果表明:(1)活动断裂带土壤气中CO_2、Rn和Hg浓度的平均值分别为0.58%、8.88 k Bq·m-3和6.44 ng·m-3,其浓度的最大值分别为9.47%、79.1 k Bq·m-3和105 ng·m-3;土壤气浓度整体具有从西向东,自南向北增大的趋势.断裂带CO_2、Rn和Hg通量的平均值分别为55.7 g·m-2·d-1、55.87 m Bq·m-2·s-1和6.78 ng·m-2·h-1,其通量的最大值分别为274.29 g·m-2·d-1、230.22 m Bq·m-2·s-1和74.33 ng·m-2·h-1.(2)京西北活动断裂带多数测区土壤气CO_2浓度无窒息风险;部分测区土壤气Hg浓度大于38 ng·m-3,属中度污染区;首都圈西北部9条活动断裂带通过脱气作用对大气CO_2的年贡献量为2 Mt,对大气Hg的年贡献量为5.3 kg;活动断裂带部分测点氡浓度较高,其附近建筑物应采取综合防氡措施.Some greenhouse gases and harmful gases（e.g. CO2,Rn and Hg） can be emitted from active faults into the atmosphere with impacts on the atmospheric environment. Concentrations and flux of CO2,Rn and Hg in soil gas were investigated in the nine acive faults in the northwest area of the Beijing region in May 2012 and May 2013,and total anval output of CO2 and Hg into atmospherewere estimated. The results indicated（1） The average concentrations of CO2,Rn and Hg in soil gas from the main faults reached 0.58%,8.88 kBq·m^-3 and 6.44 ng·m^-3,respectively; The maximum anomalies of CO2,Rn and Hg concentration were 9.47%,79.10 kBq·m^-3 and 105 ng·m^-3. The concentrations of the soil gas showed an increase trend from west to east and from south to north in research area. The average flux of CO2,Rn and Hg reached 55.7 g·m^-2·d-1,55.87 mBq·m^-2·s^-1 and6.78 ng·m^-2·h^-1,respectively; The maximum flux of CO2,Rn and Hg were 274.29 g·m^-2·d-1,230.22 mBq·m^-2·s^-1 and 74. 33 ng·m^-2·h^-1.（2） The CO2 concentrations in the soil gas in most areas along the main faults in the northwest of the Beijing region had no risk of asphyxia; The concentrations of Hg in some areas were higher than 38 ng·m^-3 which indicated moderate pollution in these areas; The total output of CO2 and Hg degassing from the nine faults in the northwest of the capital region were approximately 2 Mt·y^-1 and 5.3 kg·y^-1; The soil Rn in some measuring points had higher concentrations,therefore some protective measures to prevent radon pollution should be taken for the nearby buildings.

关 键 词：土壤气 断裂 CO2 Rn HG 首都圈 

分 类 号：X51[环境科学与工程—环境工程]