谁从财政支农投入中受益更多?——基于资金结构差异与农户人力资本差异双重视角  

Who Benefits More from Financial Support for Agriculture? Based on the Dual Perspectives Including Capital Structure Difference and Human Capital Difference of Farmer Households

作　　者：赵为民[1] ZHAO Wei - min(School of Economics, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China)

机构地区：[1]安徽大学经济学院,合肥230601

出　　处：《云南财经大学学报》2018年第6期69-85,共17页Journal of Yunnan University of Finance and Economics

基　　金：安徽省社科规划项目"安徽省财政支农对农民收入增长影响及其传导机制研究"(AHSKY2016D92)

摘　　要：将财政支农与农民人力资本相联系,研究两类财政支农资金对农民农业生产经营收入的异质性效应。研究发现与农业生产基础设施相关的财政支农资金,受益大的群体是高人力资本农民群体,与农村公共服务提供相关的财政支农资金对农民收入的影响存在结构性变化点,即当农民人力资本水平低于eαβ时,该类资金仍然有利于人力资本相对高的农民,当农民人力资本水平高于eαβ时,则低人力资本的农民从该类资金中受益更大。基于微观入户调查数据的双重差分研究证实,当基础公共服务类支出/生产类基础设施支出的比值增加一个点,初中以下水平的农户将比初中水平以上的农户,其年农业生产经营收入多受益807元,高中水平以下的农户将比高中水平以上的农户多受益520元,考虑到低收入农户的收入主要来源于农业生产经营,因此偏向于公共服务的财政投入结构对低收入农户则更为重要。研究结论为进一步完善财政支农政策、缩小农村收入差距提供了理论和经验证据。By putting financial support for agriculture and the human capital of farmers togeth- er, this paper studies the heterogeneous effect of the two kinds of financial capital for agriculture on the income of farmers through agricultural production. The study finds that the benefit group of the funds for financial support linked to the infrastructure of agricultural production is the peasant group with high human capital. There is a structural change in the impact of the capital on the in- come of peasants compared with the impact exerted by rural public services. That is to say, when the human capital level of farmers is lower than , the funds provide more benefit to farmers with relatively high human capital; when the human capital level is higher than , farmers with low hu- man capital get more benefit from the funds. Empirical study based on the DID of China House- hold Survey shows that when the ratio of basic public service expenditure and the production infra- structure expenditure increased by one percentage point, compared with the farmers with junior middle school education or above, the farmers with educations below junior middle school will ben- efit 807 Yuan more from annual agricultural production; while farmers with educations below sen- ior middle school will get 520 Yuan more than those with educations above senior middle school. Considering the fact that the major income source of low - income rural households comes mainly from agricultural production, the fiscal investment structure which tends to provide public service is more important for low - income farmers. The conclusions of this paper provide theoretical and empirical evidence for further improving the policy of fiscal support for agriculture and narrowing the income gap in rural areas.

关 键 词：财政支农 人力资本 农民收入 双重差分 

分 类 号：F323[经济管理—产业经济]