页岩储层体积压裂复杂裂缝支撑剂的运移与展布规律  

Migration and distribution of complex fracture proppant in shale reservoir volume fracturing

作　　者：潘林华 张烨[1,2] 程礼军 陆朝晖[1,2] 康远波 贺培[1,2] 董兵强 Pan Linhua;Zhang Ye;Cheng Lijun;Lu Zhaohui;Kang Yuanbo;He Pei;Dong Bingqiang(National Joint Engineering Research Center for Shale Gas Exploration and Development//Chongqing Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources, Chongqing 400042, China;MLR Key Laboratory of Shale Gas Exploration// Chongqing Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources, Chongqing 400042, China)

机构地区：[1]页岩气勘探开发国家地方联合工程研究中心、重庆地质矿产研究院,400042 [2]国土资源部页岩气资源勘查重点实验室、重庆地质矿产研究院

出　　处：《天然气工业》2018年第5期61-70,共10页Natural Gas Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目“页岩水平井‘多段分簇’压裂支撑剂分流与展布机理研究”(编号:51604050);重庆市社会民生科技创新专项“页岩水平井‘多段分簇’压裂支撑剂运移与展布评价仪器研发”(编号:cstc2016shmszx90003)

摘　　要：为了研究页岩储层体积压裂复杂裂缝支撑剂的运移与展布规律,构建了大尺度复杂裂缝支撑剂运移与展布评价实验系统,测试了次裂缝角度、注入排量、加砂浓度、支撑剂粒径、压裂液黏度等对支撑剂运移与展布的影响,研究了主/次裂缝中支撑剂的运移与展布规律。结果表明:(1)裂缝中流体流态随裂缝支撑高度增加逐步由层流向紊流转变;(2)支撑剂在裂缝中的运移方式主要包括悬浮运移和滑移运动;(3)分支前主裂缝的支撑剂展布形态与次裂缝角度、注入排量、加砂浓度和支撑剂粒径等参数相关,其中注入排量为最主要的影响因素;(4)分支后主裂缝的支撑剂质量比与次裂缝角度、注入排量、液体黏度、加砂浓度和支撑剂粒径呈正比,同次裂缝与主裂缝的流量比呈反比;(5)分支后次裂缝的支撑剂质量比与注入排量、次裂缝与主裂缝的流量比、压裂液黏度呈正比,与次裂缝角度、加砂浓度和支撑剂粒径呈反比;(6)分支后主裂缝的砂堤前缘角度同加砂浓度、支撑剂粒径、次裂缝与主裂缝的流量比呈正比,与次裂缝角度、注入排量和压裂液黏度呈反比;(7)次裂缝的砂堤前缘角度同次裂缝角度、加砂浓度与支撑剂粒径呈正比,和注入排量、压裂液黏度、次裂缝与主裂缝的流量比呈反比。结论认为,该研究成果可以为页岩储层体积压裂支撑剂的优选和压裂方案设计提供理论支撑。In this paper, a large-scale experimental system was established to identify the migration and distribution laws of complex fracture proppant in shale reservoir volume fracturing. With this system, the effects of secondary fracture angle, fluid displacement, proppant concentration and size, fracturing fluid viscosity and other factors on the migration and distribution of proppant were tested, and the migration and distribution of proppant in primary/secondary fractures were analyzed. The following results were obtained. First, the fluid flow pattern in fractures transforms gradually from laminar flow into turbulent flow with the increase of fracture supporting height. Second, the migration modes of proppant in fractures mainly include suspended migration and gliding migration. Third, the distribution form of proppant in primary fractures before branching is related to secondary fracture angle, fluid displacement and proppant concentration and size, among which the fluid displacement is the most important factor. Fourth, the mass ratio of proppant in primary fractures after branching is proportional to the secondary fracture angle, fluid displacement, fracturing fluid viscosity and proppant concentration and size, and is inversely proportional to the flow ratio between secondary fractures and primary fractures. Fifth, the mass ratio of proppant in secondary fractures after branching is proportional to fluid displacement, fracturing fluid viscosity and flow ratio between secondary fractures and primary fractures, and is inversely proportional to secondary fracture angle and proppant concentration and size. Sixth, the angle at the leading edge of proppant bank in the primary fractures after branching is proportional to the proppant concentration and size and the flow ratio between secondary fractures and primary fractures, but is inversely proportional to secondary fracture angle, fluid displacement and fracturing fluid viscosity. Seventh, the angle at the leading edge of proppant bank in the secondary fractures aft

关 键 词：页岩 储集层 体积压裂 复杂裂缝 支撑剂 运移与展布规律 实验室试验系统 

分 类 号：TE377[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]