竹黄遗传多样性与竹红菌素合成和抗癌作用的研究进展  

Research Progress on Genetic Diversity of Shiraia bambusicola,Biosynthesis and Anticancer Activity of Hypocrellin

作　　者：赵宁[1] 陈双林[1] ZHAO Ning;CHEN Shuang-lin(College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023)

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学生命科学学院,南京210023

出　　处：《生物技术通报》2018年第4期16-23,共8页Biotechnology Bulletin

基　　金：国家十二五科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD36B0502)

摘　　要：竹黄在我国是一种重要的药用真菌,主要活性代谢产物为竹红菌素等苝醌类光敏色素。前人关于竹黄的研究主要集中在活性成分分析、临床应用和发酵培养等方面。竹黄遗传多样性的存在是不同居群、不同菌株之间竹红菌素生物合成代谢差异的原因,并且随着竹红菌素及其衍生物对肿瘤细胞的抑制机制被不断揭示,对于竹黄的遗传多样性、竹红菌素的合成代谢与抗癌作用机理等研究正持续深入。应用不同的分子标记发现,竹黄遗传多样性既可能来源于居群内,也可能来源于居群间;而通过化学修饰或物理修饰都使竹红菌素在肿瘤的光动力治疗(Photodynamic therapy,PDT)上展现出诱人的前景。同时,影响竹红菌素产生的聚酮合酶基因等新的研究发现最终将会有助于掌握竹黄中竹红菌素的生物合成途径。综述了竹黄的遗传多样性、竹红菌素及其衍生物对癌细胞的作用和竹红菌素生物合成的研究进展,旨在为竹黄的资源保育和竹红菌素的深入研发提供参考。Shiraia bambusicola is an important species of medicinal fungi in China. Its major active metabolites are perylenequinonepigment,such as hypocrellin. The former researches on S. bambusicola were mainly focused on the analysis of active products,clinicalapplication,and biological fermentation,etc. The genetic diversity of S. bambusicola results in the differences of hypocrellin anabolismamong different populations and strains. With the antitumor mechanism of hypocrellin and derivatives continuously discovered,studies onthe genetic diversity of S. bambusicola,the synthesis and metabolism and anticancer mechanism of hypocrellin are proceeding more deeply.Applying different molecular markers reveal that the genetic diversity of S. bambusicola might be mainly from a population or among populations.Moreover,hypocrellin presents a promising prospect in the photodynamic therapy（PDT）of tumor by chemical modification or physicalmodification. Meanwhile,new results of research on the polyketide synthase genes and other genes,which affect the production of hypocrellin,will eventually help to reveal the biosynthesis pathway of hypocrellin in S. bambusicola. This article reviews the research progress on the geneticdiversity of S. bambusicola and the role of hypocrellin and derivatives on cancer cells,the biosynthesis of hypocrellin,aiming at providingvaluable references for the conservation of S. bambusicola,the further research and development of hypocrellin.

关 键 词：竹黄 竹红菌素 遗传多样性 抗肿瘤活性 生物合成 

分 类 号：R282.71[医药卫生—中药学] S567.3[医药卫生—中医学]