林盘的形态特征和植物种类构成与分布  

Morphological characteristics and composition of plant species and their distribution patterns in Linpan of Chengdu plain

作　　者：刘勤[1,2] 王玉宽[1] 郭滢蔓 彭培好[2] 王可玥 LIU Qin;WANG Yukuan;GUO Yingman;PENG Peihao;WANG Keyue(Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China;College of Earth Sciences, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China;University of Chinese Academy of Seiences, Beijing 100049, China;College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所,成都610041 [2]成都理工大学地球科学学院,成都610059 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [4]北京林业大学生物科学与技术学院,北京100083

出　　处：《生态学报》2018年第10期3553-3561,共9页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学青年基金项目(41401664)

摘　　要：林盘是成都平原广泛分布的一种复合生态系统,属于极具地方特色的文化和生态资源,并作为传统的乡村聚落单元,提供重要的生态服务价值。识别林盘植物的种类和分布特征,有利于深刻揭示林盘生态服务的形成和变化机制,为林盘保护及改造提供科学建议。采用小型无人机航拍与实地调查相结合的方法,分析不同区域、类型林盘植物组成与分布特征,结果表明:(1)林盘的形态较规则,规模不大(平均面积为6678.87 m^2),植被覆盖度43.5%—76.9%,植物、房屋以及其他组成要素相互融合。(2)林盘内维管束植物合计106科254属310种,其中本地种236种,占总数76.13%,国内引进种35种,占总数11.29%,世界引进种39种,占总数的12.58%。(3)植物属的区系分布以北温带成分(22.31%)和泛热带成分(16.12%)为主,热带亚热带分布和温带分布比例较为接近。(4)从分布特征来看,远郊区林盘的植物种类最多(P<0.05),其次是近郊区,而中郊区相对较少;物种多样性与林盘的规模呈显著(P<0.05)正相关关系,但是与植被覆盖水平无明显关系;土木结构房屋占比高,植物种类较多,且中、高等比例和低比例的差异显著(P<0.05)。Linpan is a complex ecosystem,its widely distributed in Chengdu plain. As a traditional rural settlement unit,its ecological and cultural functions with local characteristics has various and important ecological service value. To reveal the mechanism of formation and change in ecosystem services,it is necessary to identify the plant species and their distribution characteristics in Linpan. Simultaneously,it can provide scientific inputs for their protection and transformation. In the present study,the composition of plantspecies in Linpan,and their distribution characteristics was analyzed by field surveys using small unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs）,the survey included different regions,sizes,coverage,and structure Linpan. The results showed that：(1） most of Linpan has a small area(approximately 6678.87 m2）,which arechanging with regular morphology and different vegetation coverage(43.58% —76.9%）. Linpan was made up of Plant,housing,and other landscape.(2） A total of 310 plants speciesbelonging to 254 genera and 106 families were found in the survey area.Among them,279 species,accounting for 76.13% of the total plant species were native plants of Chengdu,among which,35 species(11.29%） were introduced from other regions of China,and 39 species,accounting for 12.58% were introduced from foreign countries.(3） Linpan had all the 15 areal-types of Chinese seed plant genera. Among them,the north temperate elements and pantropical plants were the main type accounting for 22. 31% and 16. 12% of the species respectively. The ratio of the tropic to the temperate species was approximately 1∶1.(4） Similarly,Linpan distributed along the far-suburb had the highest species diversity(P〈0. 05）,than the Linpan located on the other areas; There is a significant positive correlation(P〈0.05） between species diversity and Linpan area,However,no clear relationship exists with vegetation cover level. There was a correlation between the plant species and the interior structure of Linpan. In general,there was

关 键 词：林盘 植物种类 分布特征 成都平原 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]