重质粒子/NBR-PVC微孔阻尼复合材料的制备及其隔声性能  

Preparation of high-density metal/NBR-PVC microporous damping composite and its sound insulation performance

作　　者：廖国峰 蔡俊[2] 傅雅琴[1] 杨易宁 郁倪帅 练艺丹 LIAO Guofeng;CAI Jun;FU Yaqin;Yang Yining;YU Nishuai;LIAN Yidan(Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology of Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China;School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China)

机构地区：[1]浙江理工大学先进纺织材料与制备技术教育部重点实验室,杭州310018 [2]上海交通大学环境科学与工程学院,上海200240

出　　处：《复合材料学报》2018年第5期1066-1072,共7页Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(11004133)

摘　　要：为了制备一种轻质高效的隔声材料,本研究以丁腈橡胶(NBR)和聚氯乙烯(PVC)共混为主体材料,采用一步模压发泡工艺制备了重质粒子(HMP)/NBR-PVC微孔阻尼复合材料。通过SEM、动态力学分析和声阻抗管测试探究了橡塑比对HMP/NBR-PVC复合材料泡孔结构、阻尼性能和隔声性能等方面的影响,并进一步对其隔声机制进行了分析。研究结果表明:微孔结构的存在增加了声能量在材料内部传播过程中的衰减,提高了HMP/NBR-PVC复合材料的隔声性能。NBR与PVC质量比为50∶50的HMP/NBR-PVC微孔阻尼复合材料具有良好的泡孔结构、力学性能和阻尼性能,其隔声指数高达28.1dB。这种质轻、质软且易加工的橡塑微孔阻尼复合材料对新型隔声材料开发与应用具有一定的指导意义。In order to prepare a light mass and efficient sound insulation composite,the nitrile rubber（NBR）and polyvinyl chloride（PVC）were blended as the main ingredients and the high-density metal particles（HMP）/NBRPVC microporous damping composite were prepared by one step molding foaming process.The effect of rubberplastic mass ratio on the cell structure,damping performance and sound insulation performance of composite materials were studied by SEM,dynamic thermomechanical analysis and the impedance tube measurement.The sound insulation mechanism of HMP/NBR-PVC microporous damping composite was further analyzed.The results show that the presence of microporous structure increases the sound energy attenuation during the propagation inside the composite and improves the sound insulation performance of microporous composite material.The HMP/NBR-PVC microporous damping composite with the NBR and PVC mass ratio of 50∶50 displays good cell structure,mechanical properties and damping properties.Its sound insulation index is up to 28.1 dB.The rubber-plastic microporous damping composite shows the advantages such as light mass,soft and easy to process.It has guidance for the development and application of new type sound insulation materials.

关 键 词：丁腈橡胶(NBR) 聚氯乙烯(PVC) 复合材料 微孔结构 隔声性能 

分 类 号：TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]