海洋拖缆地震资料初至波走时层析反演  

First Arrive Wave Traveltime Tomographic Inversion of Marine Seismic Data

作　　者：李福元[1,2] 康平 刘玉萍[1,2] 张衡 邓桂林[1,2] 丁龙翔 LI Fu-yuan1,2, KANG Ping3, LIU Yu-ping1,2, ZHANG Heng1,2, DENG Gui-lin1,2, DING Long-xiang1,2(1. MLR Key Laboratory of Marine Mineral Resources, Guangzhou 510075, China; 2. Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey, Guangzhou 510075, China; 3. Research Institute of Exploration and Production, Qinghai Oilfield Limited, Petro China, Dunhuang, Gansu Province 736202, Chin)

机构地区：[1]国土资源部海底矿产资源重点实验室,广州510075 [2]中国地质调查局广州海洋地质调查局,广州510075 [3]中国石油青海油田勘探开发研究院,甘肃敦煌736202

出　　处：《CT理论与应用研究（中英文）》2018年第2期197-204,共8页Computerized Tomography Theory and Applications

基　　金：中国地质调查局油气调查专项(DD20160154)资助

摘　　要：初至波走时层析反演技术作为建立近地表速度模型的重要手段,是解决陆地资料复杂静校正问题的关键技术。而折射波广泛发育的海洋地震资料,对折射波信息的关注与运用并没有得到广泛的重视。本文首次将层析反演方法应用于海洋拖缆地震数据的近海底速度模型的建立。本文方法与陆地资料层析反演的主要区别在于:(1)在震源信号的最小相位化处理后进行初至时间的拾取,避免了混合相位子波初至拾取不准带来的误差;(2)以海水深度与海水速度作为反演约束条件,减小了迭代误差。实测二维资料的层析反演结果表明,本文方法可反演出较为精确的海洋地层速度结构。The first-arrival wave traveltime tomographic inversion is a key technology to solve the complex static correction problem of land data as an important means to establish the near-surface velocity model. However, the attention and application of refractive wave information of marine seismic data which possesses widely developed refractive wave have not been paid much attention. In this paper, the seismic tomographic inversion technique is applied to marine seismic data to obtain the velocity structure of the seabed. The main difference with the tomographic inversion of land data is：（1）. The pick-up of the first-arrival time should be carried out after the minimum phase processing of the source signal to avoid the error due to the inaccurate first-arrival time picking of the mixed phase wavelet.（2）. The depth and the velocity information of the seawater layer are used as the inversion constraint conditions to reduce the iterative error. The results of the actual 2D multi-channel survey line tomography show that the first-arrival wave traveltime tomography can invert the more accurate marine stratigraphic velocity structure.

关 键 词：海洋地震资料 折射波 层析 速度反演 

分 类 号：P315[天文地球—地震学]