试论商周青铜器侧身牛纹  

A Research on the Flat-Bottom Jars from the Chengdu Plain during the Xia-Shang-West Zhou Period

作　　者：李树浪 

机构地区：[1]四川大学历史文化学院考古学及博物馆学

出　　处：《考古与文物》2018年第2期67-77,共11页Archaeology and Cultural Relics

摘　　要：商周青铜器上的侧身牛纹有单首单身式和单首双身式两大类型。这种纹饰起源于殷商时期商朝统治区,是商文化的产物之一,西周初年向西传入陕西关中并以此为中心向南传入长江中上游的汉中盆地、四川盆地、汉东地区。彭县、汉中、随州、喀左出土的几件侧身牛纹罍皆来自同一产地——"关中青铜器铸造中心"。侧身牛纹传播特点的根源是商周之际政治格局变化所引起的中原地区青铜文化中心的西移以及周初分封移民和"班赐宗彝"。Iconographically, the motifs of cattle profile on Shang-Zhou bronzes can be divided into two categories： the type of one head with one body, and the other type of one head with two bodies. Originated from the area controlled by Shang Dynasty, these motifs were then introduced into the Guanzhong Region in Shaanxi, and began to spread south to the upper and middle basins of the Yangtze River, including the Hanzhong Basin, Sichuan Basin, and Handong Region. Thus, the author suggests that several lei jars with cattle profile that were excavated from Pengxian, Hanzhong, Suizhou, and Kazuo were all produced in the Guanzhong Region. The underlying mechanism is that, after the end of the Shang Dynasty, the bronze culture center moved toward west with the shift of the political and economical center, the spread of cattle profile represented this significant shift. Thus, this article argues that the replacement of Shang Dynasty by Zhou Dynasty and Zhou＇s bestowal activities should be viewed as the major underlying mechanism for the spread of cattle profiles.

关 键 词：侧身牛纹 商周青铜器 殷遗民 

分 类 号：K876.41[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]