考虑典型密集建筑群影响的爆炸超压空间分布规律分析  

Regularity Analysis on Explosion Overpressure Spatial Distribution Considering Impacts of Typical Dense Architectural Complex Factors

作　　者：阎石[1] 毕加亮 齐宝欣[1] YAN Shi;BI Jialiang;QI Baoxin(School of Civil Engineering, Shenyang Jianzhu University, Shenyang 110168, China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳建筑大学土木工程学院

出　　处：《防灾减灾工程学报》2018年第2期203-208,232,共7页Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering

基　　金：城乡与住房建设部项目(2015-K2-018);辽宁省教育厅项目(L2015448);沈阳市科技计划项目(17-231-1-89)资助

摘　　要：爆炸已逐渐成为影响人们生活的典型灾害,一旦在建筑密集的城市环境中发生爆炸事故,相应灾后评估工作是十分重要的,而爆炸灾害评估与爆炸超压空间分布密切相关。提出了一种与空间分布相关的爆炸灾害评估方法,明确考虑建筑群影响的爆炸波传播机制及其影响因素分析,研究爆炸波能量衰减规律以及具有时变特点的超压空间分布规律,确定与破坏程度密切相关的3种典型超压影响范围。根据超压影响范围对单体建筑物以及密集建筑群中同一建筑物进行分区,确定3种区域的等压线位置,界定爆炸的影响范围。利用LS-DYNA软件进行模拟分析,分别建立炸药在刚性地面上单体建筑物及密集建筑群爆炸响应有限元分析模型,绘制建筑物上的等压曲线,得出影响建筑物上超压分布的主要因素主要为比例距离和建筑群密集程度。The explosion has gradually become a typical disaster affecting people＇s lives.Once an explosion occurs in the urban area with dense buildings,it is important to evaluate the damage after the disaster.The evaluation of explosive disaster is closely related to the spatial distribution of explosion overpressure.This paper presents an evaluation method considering the spatial distribution of explosion overpressure.The propagation mechanism of explosion waves and the influence factors including the architectural complex are investigated.The attenuation law of explosion wave and the spatial distribution regularity of the time-varying overpressure are studied,and three kinds of typical overpressure influence scope are determined.According to the influence scope of overpressure,the shock responses of a single building and dense architectural complex are studied by zoning method.The location of isobaric curves on buildings and the influence scope of the explosion are determined.The effect of explosions on monolithic building and dense architectural complex is numerical analyzed using finite element software LS-DYNA.The isobaric curves on buildings are obtained.The main factors affecting overpressure distribution on buildings including the scaled distance and density of architectural complex are obtained.

关 键 词：建筑群 比例距离 超压空间分布 等压线 

分 类 号：O382.1[理学—流体力学]