心理门诊患者自杀渴望、自我图式与外显、内隐自杀意念的关系  

The Relationship among Suicidal Desire,Self Schema and Explicit,Implicit Suicide Ideation

作　　者：李诚[1] 董燕[1] 周晓梅[1] 侯桂芝[1] LI Cheng;DONG Yan;ZHOU Xiaomei;et al(Department of Clinical Psychology ,the Air Force General Hospital ,Beijing 100042,China)

机构地区：[1]空军总医院临床心理科

出　　处：《中国健康心理学杂志》2018年第6期921-926,共6页China Journal of Health Psychology

基　　金：全军“十二五”心理专项课题(编号:12XLZ208)

摘　　要：目的：了解自我图式在自杀渴望与外显、内隐自杀意念之间的关系。方法：对存在抑郁或/和焦虑状态的262名青年心理门诊患者施测人际需求问卷、贝克自杀意念量表、单类内隐联想测验和自我参照任务测验。结果：归属受挫、累赘感知、外显自杀意念、内隐自杀意念和自我图式得分中位数分别为2.44、1.83、7、-0.25和2,四分位数间距分别为1.67、1.67、3、0.73和6。Spearman相关分析发现,各变量间的相关均显著（r=-0.636-0.476,P〈0.01）。其中,归属受挫、累赘感知与外显、内隐自杀意念均呈低度正相关（r=0.254-0.476）,自我图式与外显、内隐自杀意念均呈中等负相关（r=-0.548,-0.636;P〈0.05）。Bootstrap法检验发现,自我图式在自杀渴望与外显自杀意念间中介效应的95%置信区间为（-0.085,0.194）;在自杀渴望与内隐自杀意念间中介效应95%置信区间为（0.069,0.135）,中介效应占总效应的58.13%。结论：自我图式在自杀渴望与外显自杀意念间不存在中介效应;在自杀渴望与内隐自杀意念间存在部分中介效应。Objective：To explore the relationship among self schema,suicidal desire and explicit,implicit suicide ideation.Methods：288 mental patients in general hospital under depressed or/and anxious state in were assessed by Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire（INQ-15）,Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation（BSI）,Single-category Implicit Association Test（SC-IAT）and Self-referent Encoding Test.Results：The median score of PB,TB,BSI,SC-IAT and SRET were 2.44,1.83,7,-0.25 and 2 respectively,the inter-quartile range were 1.67,1.67,3,0.73 and 6.The correlation between variables was significant（r==-0.19-0.40;P〈0.01）.There were low positive correlation between Thwarted belongingness（TB）,perceived burdensomeness（PB）and explicit suicide ideation,implicit suicide ideation（r=0.254-0.476;P〈0.05）.There were moderately positive correlation between self-schema and explicit suicide ideation,implicit suicide ideation（r=-0.548、-0.636;P 〈0.05）.The 95% bootstrap confidence interval of mediating effect of self-schema between suicide desire and explicit suicide ideation was-0.085 and 0.194;The 95% bootstrap confidence interval of mediating effect of self-schema between suicide desire and implicit suicide ideation was（0.069,0.135）,the proportion of mediating effect in total effect was 58.13%.Conclusion：The self-schema has no a significant mediating effect between suicide desire and explicit suicide ideation;The self-schema has a significant partial mediating between suicide desire and implicit ideation.

关 键 词：自杀 单类内隐联想测验 人际需求问卷 自我图式 

分 类 号：R395.9[哲学宗教—心理学]