铜对斑马鱼鳃的损伤及其作用机制  

Gill injury by copper and its mechanism in zebrafish

作　　者：赵巧雅 孙雪婧 王玲玲 王涛只 陈秋生[1] 林金杏 ZHAO Qiao-ya;SUN Xue-jing;WANG Ling-ling;WANG Tao-zhi;CHEN Qiu-sheng;LINJm-xing(Laboratory of Animal Cell Biology and Embryology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095,China;Shanghai Laboratory Animal Research Centre,Shanghai 201203,China)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学动物医学院,南京210095 [2]上海实验动物研究中心,上海201203

出　　处：《解剖学报》2018年第3期367-373,共7页Acta Anatomica Sinica

基　　金：上海市科委科研计划项目(16140904302)

摘　　要：目的探讨铜对斑马鱼鳃的生物毒性作用及其机制。方法设置0.05 mg/L、0.1 mg/L、0.2 mg/L 3个铜离子暴露浓度和1个对照组,研究铜离子对斑马鱼鳃组织显微和超微结构,抗氧化防御系统超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性和丙二醛(MDA)含量及免疫相关因子肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)水平的影响。结果铜离子暴露组斑马鱼鳃均出现不同程度的损伤,中低浓度组以防御损伤为主,高浓度组以直接损伤为主。光学显微镜下可看到上皮细胞肿胀、脱落,表面大量黏液,鳃小片基部细胞增生甚至融合;透射电子显微镜下可观察到暴露组线粒体、粗面内质网等细胞器肿胀,线粒体嵴崩落或消失等细胞胀亡形态特征;SOD活性和MDA含量随铜离子浓度增加和暴露时间的延长出现不同程度的上升趋势,铜离子暴露对斑马鱼SOD、MDA为诱导效应;与对照组相比,不同时间、不同浓度重金属铜处理后TNF-α、IL-6、IL-1β水平出现不同程度的上升趋势。结论重金属铜对斑马鱼鳃组织结构和抗氧化系统有明显的损伤,能够诱导免疫炎症反应。Objective To study the effect of copper on microstructures and uhrastructures of gill of zebrafish, antioxidant defense system of superoxide dismutase （SOD） activity, malondialdehyde （MDA） content and related immune factors [ tumor necrosis factor alpha （TNF-alpha）, interleukin（IL）-6, IL-1 beta） ] in the acute toxicity test. Methods Three copper exposures （0. 05 mg/L, 0. 1 mg/L, 0.2 mg/L） and a control group were set in this study. Results The copper exposure groups showed varying degrees of damage, such as the epithelial cell swelling, shedding, surface mucus, basal cell hyperplasia and gill lamellae fusion under the light microscope. The mitochondria and rough endoplasmic reticulum cell were swelled, and mitochondrial cristae collapse or the disappearance of oncosis morphology were observed under transmission electron microscope（TEM）. SOD activity and MDA content extended upward as increase of the copper ion concentration and exposure time. In addition, copper ion exposure on zebrafish SOD, MDA as compared with the control, showed an induction effect. Compared to the control group, TNF-alpha, IL-6, and IL-1 beta levels increased by different extents after treatment with different concentrations of copper and time. Conclusion The heavy metal copper has obvious damage and immune toxicity to the gill structure and antioxidant system of zebrafish.

关 键 词：铜 组织结构 抗氧化系统 免疫因子 透射电子显微术 斑马鱼 

分 类 号：S852.31[农业科学—基础兽医学]