越冬期日光温室灌溉水升温与管理技术研究  

A Study on Heating up and Management Technology of Irrigation Water in Greenhouse in Wintering Period

作　　者：胡婧娟 樊贵盛[2] HU Jing-juan;FAN Gui-sheng(College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China;College of Hydraulic Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China)

机构地区：[1]太原理工大学环境科学与工程学院,太原030024 [2]太原理工大学水利科学与工程学院,太原030024

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2018年第5期20-25,共6页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：山西省科技攻关项目"设施果蔬园艺产业化关键技术研究--低温区日光温室大棚冬季灌溉水升温设施与技术研究"(20130311010-3);亚洲开发银行技术援助赠款项目"山西省通过地下水管理适应气候变化项目"(0188-PRC)

摘　　要：以黄土高原离石区设施蔬菜示范基地日光温室群的越冬期跟踪监测数据为依据,分析了越冬期温室地温以及灌溉水进棚温度的变化特性,研究了越冬期内灌溉水需升温期、无需升温期的划分和需升温期内灌溉水最低可灌温度。借助CFD模型,计算了越冬期各时期灌溉水升温所需的时间,并且以此为基础提出日光温室升温灌溉管理技术。结果表明:(1)河流地面灌溉水无需升温可直接灌溉,时期为11月整月,需升温的时期为12月中旬到次年3月中旬,其余时间段全天部分时间可直接灌溉。(2)需升温期间,可灌溉的最低温度为7.5~10.8℃。(3)需升温期间,灌溉水升温所需的时间变化为5~51 h。以此为基础,提出了包括灌溉制度、灌溉水需升温期的划分、最低灌溉水温、升温时间以及灌溉时间内的升温灌溉管理技术。研究结果可为季节性冻土区越冬期温室大棚的灌溉水温管理提供具有实际意义的技术支撑,可丰富灌溉理论与技术。Based on tracking test data in wintering period of greenhouse group in Xinyi Town,Lishi District,Shanxi Province,the change characteristics were analyzed. The wintering period was divided into warming up period and not warming up period and the minimum permissible irrigation temperature was determined in warming up period. The warming up time for irrigation water in different part of wintering period was calculated. The results showed that：（1） The period that the irrigation water from river surface could be directly used for irrigation without warming up was the whole month of November,the period that river water must be warmed up before using for irrigation was midDecember to mid-March of the following year,the river water could be directly used for irrigation in part time of the whole day in the rest period of wintering period.（2） During the period when the irrigation water needed to be warmed,the minimum irrigable temperature was between 7.5 ℃ and 10.8 ℃,the largest value of minimum irrigable temperature appeared in early and middle of January and the lowest value of minimum irrigable temperature appeared in early and middle of March.（3） During the period that river water must be warming up before using for irrigation,different warming time was needed during different period and time for warming was between 5 and 51 hours. The results could provide practical technical support for the management of irrigation water temperature in the greenhouse in the wintering period of the seasonal frozen soil. It had certain scientific value for the enriching the irrigation theory and technology.

关 键 词：越冬期 日光温室 灌溉管理 CFD模型 灌溉水升温 

分 类 号：S274.3[农业科学—农业水土工程] S625[农业科学—农业工程]