上海市儿童医院近五年水痘患者流行病学特征分析  

Epidemiologic evidence of varicella from Shanghai children's hospital over the past five years

作　　者：周丽 陈科[2] 严剑婷 刘永斌[1] 王淼[1] ZHOU Li;CHEN Ke;YAN Jian -ting;LIU Yong- bin;WANG Miao(Shanghai Children＇ s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200062, Chin)

机构地区：[1]上海市儿童医院上海交通大学附属儿童医院,上海200062 [2]上海市计划生育科学研究所,上海200032

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2018年第11期1925-1928,1956,共5页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：上海市卫生和计划生育委员会科研面上项目(201740108)

摘　　要：目的通过整理分析上海市儿童医院近五年收治并报告的5 163余例水痘病例,为了解和推测本院水痘流行特点和变化趋势提供部分依据,为防治策略提供建议。方法通过疾病监测报告系统获取本院2012-2016年度的0~18岁水痘报告记录,总计5 163例有效记录。对历年水痘发病的季节性、男女比例、居住市郊比例、年龄与阶段分布情况进行统计描述。以2012年为对照,使用Poisson或Logistic回归检验上述情况的年度变化。结果发病人数高峰集中在5-6月和11-12月。与2012年相比:2016年每10万人发病比例升高(68.4 vs 55.1);2014和2015年男女比例下降;2013-2016年居住市郊比下降。0~1岁和5~7岁为两大高峰。患儿位于托幼阶段的比例呈逐年上升趋势,小学和中学阶段比例则呈下降趋势。结论本院2016年水痘发病比例升高,女孩比例上升,托幼阶段患儿比例逐年上升趋势,需引起警惕,加强管理,也可借鉴国外水痘疫苗二次接种经验开展进一步研究。Objective To collect and analyze 5163 varicella cases reported by Shanghai Children＇ s Hospital over the past five years, so as to provide the basis for understanding the epidemiological characteristics and trend of chickenpox in our hospital. Methods A total of 5163 cases of 0 - 18 - year - old chickenpox records were provided by the disease monitoring system. Statistical description included season, sex ratio, age and stage, and suburban residentially distribution. Epidemiologic changes were analyzed by Poisson or Logistic regressions with data from 2012 as control. Results The seasonal peaks of incidence were at May -June and November- December each year. Compared with year 2012, incidence rate per 100 000 people of year 2016 increased significantly （68.4 vs 55. 1, P 〈 0. 001 ）. Male female ratios in 2014 and 2015 significantly decreased. The proportions of suburban residentially distribution in year 2013,2015 and 2016 decreased significantly. The disease peaks were at the age 0 - 1 and 5 - 7. Proportion of kids in the kindergarten increased per year, while proportions of primary and middle school students declined per year. Conclusion In our hospital, incidence of varicella increased significantly in 2016. Proportion of girls and that of children in the kindergarten increased per year. More attention should be paid to management, and foreign experiences of two - staged vaccination can be used for reference for further research.

关 键 词：水痘 流行 变化 趋势 防治 建议 

分 类 号：R181.23[医药卫生—流行病学]