网约车时代出租车分时计价方法应用研究——基于北京市数据的模拟测算  

Time-of-use Taxi Pricing Method Application Research in the Era of Online car-hailing——Simulation and Calculation Based on the Data of Beijing

作　　者：祝歆[1] 李静[2] 李千惠 吴雪娇 

机构地区：[1]北京大学经济学院 [2]北京交通大学经济管理学院

出　　处：《价格理论与实践》2018年第2期147-150,共4页Price:Theory & Practice

摘　　要：网约车的快速增长在为居民提供多样化出行方式的同时,对出租车市场产生了强烈的冲击,促使出租车的合理计价成为当前亟需解决的现实问题。本文在分析出租车价格影响因素的基础上,利用分时计价策略对居民出行决策以及对交通系统不同出行方式分担率进行Agent建模分析,通过Starlogo仿真平台探究高峰时段及非高峰时段不同出行方式分担率变化情况,基于北京市的数据提出了合理的出租车分时计价策略。仿真结果表明：在非高峰时段实施优惠计价能够较好地解决北京市出租车供需不平衡、空载率高的现实困境,从而提高交通资源利用率,合理优化公共交通系统配置。The rapid growth of the online car-hailing service has had a strong impact on the taxi market, though providing diversified trip modes for residents.Thus, making reasonable pricing policy of taxi is a noticeable problem that needs to be researched.Based on the analysis of the influence factors of taxi pricing,this paper carried out the Agent modeling analysis of the residents＇ travel decision and the sharing rate of different trip modes under the time-of-use taxi pricing method.Also this paper explores the change of the sharing rate of different trip modes during peak period and off-peak period through the Starlogo simulation platform,and then put forward a reasonable time-of-use taxi pricing method based on the data of Beijing. Simulation results show that preferential valuation during off-peak hours can better solve the current difficulty of high empty taxi loading rate, lever the imbalance between taxi supply and demand, and eventuate to improve the efficiency of traffic resource utilization and optimize the public transportation system configuration.

关 键 词：运输经济 分时计价 AGENT模型 出租车价格 分担率 

分 类 号：F572.88[经济管理—产业经济] F724.6