汉语关系从句指数量标记分布的可及性分析  

An Accessibility Study on the Distribution of Demonstrative, Quantitative and Classifier Markers in Chinese Relative Clauses

作　　者：张秋杭[1] ZHANG Qiu-hano(School of Education, Shanghai International Studies University, Shanghai 201620)

机构地区：[1]上海外国语大学国际教育学院,上海201620

出　　处：《汉语学习》2018年第3期33-43,共11页Chinese Language Learning

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目"基于可及性理论的汉语关系从句研究"(项目编号:17YJC740120);上海外国语大学校级一般科研项目"基于可及性理论的汉语关系从句指数量标记研究"(项目编号:20161140022)资助

摘　　要：本文采用可及性理论统一解释汉语关系从句指数量标记分布的语序和隐现问题。从外部来看,关系从句属于低可及性标示语;从内部来看,关系从句的核心名词则属于高可及性标示语。结合叙事语体和可及性影响因素,关系从句内部的可及性等级序列由高到低为:关系小句+核心名词(MN)﹥指数量标记+关系小句+核心名词(IMN)﹥关系小句+指数量标记+核心名词(OMN)。Two important topics in the studies of discourse distribution of demonstrative, quantitative, classifier markers（DQC markers） in Chinese relative clauses include the word order variations and the presence or absence of DQC makers. Literature review shows that researchers have focused on the word order variations, but little attention has been paid to the presence and absence of DQC markers. In this paper, we try to demonstrate that both issues can be well explained with the Accessibility Theory. We argue that relative clauses are low accessibility markers when viewed from outside of such constructions, but high accessibility markers when viewed from inside of such constructions. Based on the analysis of authentic Chinese narrative texts,we identify ten factors influencing the accessibility of relative clauses and propose accessibility hierarchy in Chinese relative clauses：RC＋NP（MN） ﹥ DQC＋RC＋NP（IMN） ﹥ RC＋DQC＋NP（OMN）. The research provides a unified and systematic account of the discourse patterns of the DQC markers in Chinese relative clauses.

关 键 词：汉语关系从句 指数量标记 可及性理论 语篇分布 

分 类 号：H146.3[语言文字—汉语]