人与自然的张力:生态中心论的实践困境  

The Tension between Man and Nature: Practical Issues of Ecocentrism

作　　者：孙亚君[1,2] SUN Ya - jun(Tourism and Event Management School, Shanghai University of International Business and Economics, Shanghai 201620, China;School of Philosophy, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China)

机构地区：[1]上海对外经贸大学会展与旅游学院,上海201620 [2]复旦大学哲学学院,上海200433

出　　处：《科学技术哲学研究》2018年第3期105-111,共7页Studies in Philosophy of Science and Technology

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目"应对生物入侵的环境伦理研究"(15CZX058)

摘　　要：以克里考特为代表的生态中心论通常被认为是应对生态危机最具实践力的环境伦理学派。然而,这种看法往往是基于对生态中心论所谓的"生态系统健康"之实践判据的笼统解读。这种含糊不清的实践性观点对于现实的环境管理并无实质性意义。以此,文章阐明了生态中心论的具体实践原则与实践手段,在此基础上,分析了生态中心论的实践原则间的潜在矛盾、后现代农业模式的可行性以及作为伦理基础的情感之维与自然之维的内在张力。这种实践力层面的考察与厘清是环境伦理学得以作为现实环境管理之指导思想的必要前提。Ecocentrism represented by J. Baird Callicott is generally considered to be the most practical environmental ethics school dealing with the ecological crisis. This opinion, however, is resulted from a general reading of the practical critera for the so-called ＂ecosystem health＂ in ecocentrism. This ambiguous practical view has no substantive significance for the actual environmental management. In this way, therefore, this paper elucidates the practical principles and practical means of ecocentrism. On this basis, the paper further analyzes the potential conflict between the practical principles, the feasibility of the post-modem agricultural mode, and the internal tension between sentimental dimension as the basis of Callicott＇ ethic and natural dimension. This investigation and clarification at the level of practice is a necessary prerequisite for an environmental ethic becoming the guiding thought of environmental management.

关 键 词：环境伦理 克里考特 实践原则 后现代 农业 

分 类 号：N031[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学]