蒺藜科驼蹄瓣属植物化学成分  

Review on Chemical Compounds from Zygophyllum Genus in Zygophyllaceae Family

作　　者：杨晓绒[1,2] 张相锋[1] 张维[1] 南光明[2] YANG Xiao-rong;ZHANG Xiang-feng;ZHANG Wei;NAN Guang-ming(School of Biology and Geography Science, Yili Normal University, Yining 835000, China;Key Lab of Natural Product Chemistry and Application in Xinjiang, Yili Normal University, Yining 835000, China)

机构地区：[1]伊犁师范学院生物与地理科学学院,新疆伊宁835000 [2]伊犁师范学院新疆高校天然产物化学与应用重点实验室,新疆伊宁835000

出　　处：《中国实验方剂学杂志》2018年第12期216-234,共19页Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区教育厅高校科研计划项目(XJEDU2013I32);伊犁师范学院天然产物化学与应用重点实验室课题(2014YSHXYB01)

摘　　要：全球约有蒺藜科驼蹄瓣属植物150种,主要分布在亚洲、非洲、澳洲及地中海地区该属植物具有耐旱、抗风沙和耐盐碱特性,种子所到之处皆容易生根发芽,适应性极强。对该属植物的研究主要集中在提取物或组分的药理活性及化学成分的分离鉴定方面,文献记载该属的Zygophyllum aegyptium,Z.album,Z.atriplicoides,Z.berenicense,Z.coccineum,Z.cornutum,Z.decumbens,Z.ducembens,Z.dumosum,Z.eichwaldii,Z.eurypterum,驼蹄瓣（Z.fabago）,Z.gaetulum,Z.geslini,Z.melongena,Z.oxianum,Z.propinquum和Z.simplex等植物在民间用做草药或已被证明有生物活性,有的植物在亚洲、非洲地区民间被用于治疗糖尿病、高血脂、高血压、肥胖、腹泻和痉挛等;有的植物具有降糖、降压、降血脂、解痉、解热、抗腹泻、抑酶、抗氧化、抗炎、抗菌、抗癌等药理活性。驼蹄瓣属植物可以被用作防治代谢综合征,该属许多植物具有多种生物活性。对该属植物还有待于在以下几方面的进一步研究,（1）生物活性成分的活性导向分离;（2）分子机制的明确;（3）通过HPLC,GC,LCMS等方法对生物活性成分的含量进行分析。该文综述了驼蹄瓣属植物中已分离和鉴定出的皂苷类、黄酮类、生物碱类和其他类化合物及其已知的药理活性。There are over 150 species in Zygophyllum genus in the world,distributed mainly in Asia,Australia,Africa and Mediterranean coast. These species have the properties of drought resistance,wind and sand resistance,and saline-alkali resistance. The seeds are easy to germinate everywhere,with high adaptability. The researches on this genus mainly focused on the pharmacological activities of extracts or fractions as well as the separation and identification of chemical constituents. Z. aegyptium,Z. album,Z. atriplicoides,Z. berenicense,Z. coccineum, Z. cornutum, Z. decumbens, Z. ducembens, Z. dumosum, Z. eichwaldii, Z. eurypterum,Z. fabago,Z. gaetulum,Z. geslini,Z. melongena,Z. oxianum,Z. propinquum and Z. simplex have been used as herbal medicines or have shown biological activities in studies. Some of them have been used in folk of Asian and African countries to treat the diseases such as diabetes,hyperlipidemia,hypertension,obesity,diarrhea and spasticity. Some of them have shown hypoglycemic,antihypertensive,hypolipidemic,antispasmodic,antipyretic,anti-diarrhea, inhibiting enzymes, anti-oxidation, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, anti-cancer and other pharmacological activities. Zygophyllum genus can be used for prevention and treatment of metabolic syndrome;the plants have a variety of biological activities. Further researches on this genus are needed in the following aspects：（1）bioactivity-guided isolation of the biological compounds;（2）clarification of molecular mechanisms;（3）content analysis of biological compounds by using HPLC,GC,and LC-MS etc. The saponins,flavonoids and other main compounds isolated and identified from Zygophyllum plants as well as their known pharmacological activities were reviewed in this paper.

关 键 词：驼蹄瓣属 化合物 皂苷类 黄酮类 生物碱类及其他 

分 类 号：R284.1[医药卫生—中药学] R2-031[医药卫生—中医学]