基于CWSI的安徽省干旱时空特征及影响因素分析  

Spatio-temporal Distribution Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Drought in Anhui Province Based on CWSI

作　　者：汪左 王芳[1,2] 张运 WANG Zuo;WANG Fang;ZHANG Yun(School of Geography and Tourism, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241003, China;Engineering Technology Research Center of Resources Environment and GIS, Anhui Province, Wuhu 241003, China)

机构地区：[1]安徽师范大学地理与旅游学院,安徽芜湖241003 [2]资源环境与地理信息工程安徽省工程技术研究中心,安徽芜湖241003

出　　处：《自然资源学报》2018年第5期853-866,共14页Journal of Natural Resources

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41501379)~~

摘　　要：安徽省是我国的农业大省和重要商品粮食基地,因受自然地理位置等因素的影响,安徽省旱灾频发。论文基于MOD16产品,利用作物缺水指数CWSI,结合气象数据和MOD13数据,分析2000—2014年安徽省干旱时空分布特征和影响因素,结论如下:1)基于MOD16产品计算的作物缺水指数可用于安徽省干旱的监测。2)2000—2014年间安徽省CWSI多年均值为0.524,最大值在2011年(0.569),最小值在2003年(0.458),整体上呈现弱增加趋势;具有较强的空间分异性,表现为南部湿润、北部干旱。各市多年CWSI年均值相差不大,但变化趋势各异,淮北平原地区和江淮之间地区呈现显著增加趋势,而皖南地区呈显著下降趋势。3)安徽省CWSI年内月变化整体上呈先减少后增加的单谷型趋势,1—6月和10—12月CWSI值较高,最大值在3月,为0.66,7—9月CWSI值较低,最小值在8月,为0.27,具有明显的季节性差异,淮北平原易出现春旱、秋旱和冬旱,江淮丘陵易出现春旱及秋旱,沿江地区易出现春旱。4)不同土地利用类型的CWSI年内变化特征差异明显,林地和草地整体上呈现先减少后增加的单谷趋势,其月均最大值在3月,城镇和耕地则表现为多峰趋势,最大月均值在6月。5)CWSI与降雨、温度以及植被的关系密切,在降雨较多的地区,温度较低,植被指数较高,CWSI值较小,干旱程度较轻,说明降雨对CWSI变化的影响较大。Anhui is one of the agricultural provinces and an important commodity grain base in China. Due to factors such as natural geographical location, drought occurs frequently in Anhui Province. Based on the MOD16 product, and the method of crop water stress index（CWSI）combined with meteorological data and MOD13 data, the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics and influencing factors of drought in Anhui Province from 2000 to 2014 were analyzed. The results showed that： 1） Crop water stress index based on MOD16 product can be used to monitor drought in Anhui Province. 2） During 2000-2014, the average annual CWSI for Anhui Province was 0.524, the maximum value being 0.569 in 2011 and the minimum value being 0.458 in 2003, which showed a weak increasing trend and had a strong spatial heterogeneity. In addition, the average CWSI varied among cities. The area between Huaibei plain and Jianghuai region showed a significant increasing trend, while the mountain areas in south Anhui showed a significant downward trend. 3） The monthly CWSI during one year in Anhui Province showed the single-valley trend, reaching its maximum of 0.66 in March and the minimum of 0.27 in August. Besides, there were obvious seasonal differences. Huaibei plain was prone to spring, autumn and winter drought, Jianghuai hills was prone to spring and autumn drought, and area along the Yangtze River was prone to spring drought. 4） The CWSI varied for different land covers in Anhui Province. Forest land and grassland showed the singlevalley pattern with the monthly average maximum in March, while the towns and cultivated land showed the multimodal pattern with the maximum monthly mean in June. 5） Rainfall,temperature and NDVI were closely related to CWSI. In areas with more rainfall and lower temperature, the NDVI was higher, moreover, the CWSI was smaller and the drought degree was lighter, which indicated that rainfall played the most important role in the change of CWSI.

关 键 词：干旱 作物缺水指数 土地利用 安徽省 

分 类 号：S423[农业科学—植物保护]