滨海盐土不同改良方式对土壤盐碱及白蜡生长的影响  

Comparative Study of Different Methods for Remediating Coastal Saline Soil and Their Consequent Impact on Growth of Fraxinus Chinensis

作　　者：肖辉[1] 程文娟[1] 潘洁[1] 姜寅卿 王立艳[1] 赵杰[1] 肖茜 XIAO Hui;CHENG Wenjuan;PAN Jie;JIANG Yinqing;WANG Liyan;ZHAO Jie;XIAO Qian(Tianjin Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Tianjin 300192, China;Tianjin Fulin Development Co.LTD, Tianjin 300457, China)

机构地区：[1]天津市农业资源与环境研究所,天津300192 [2]天津开发区福林发展有限公司,天津300457

出　　处：《灌溉排水学报》2018年第6期42-47,共6页Journal of Irrigation and Drainage

基　　金：天津市科技计划项目(15ZXZYNC00020);国家科技支撑计划项目(2013BAD05B08)

摘　　要：【目的】为滨海盐土快速脱盐及原土栽植提供技术参考。【方法】通过2 a的田间小区试验,以原土为对照(CK),研究了"牛粪深翻+盲沟"(T1)、"牛粪深翻+盲沟+覆盖"(T2)、"牛粪深翻+盲沟+盲沟种植"(T3)3种改造措施对滨海盐土快速脱盐及白蜡生长的影响。【结果】3种改造措施可显著降低土壤全盐量,提高白蜡成活率,促进新枝生长。T1、T2、T3处理0~60 cm土壤平均含盐量与CK相比,分别降低了62.42%、65.33%、72.92%,T1、T2处理之间差异不显著,但二者均与T3处理差异显著,3种措施均能使土壤含盐量降到3 g/kg以下;T1、T2、T3处理白蜡成活率分别为0.72、0.88、0.85,与CK相比分别显著增加0.69、0.85、0.82,T2、T3处理与T1处理之间差异也达显著水平,T2、T3处理之间差异不明显;T1、T2、T3处理新枝长度当年分别达到33.33、45.78、48.45 cm,与CK相比分别提高1 148%、1 615%、1 715%,T2、T3处理与T1处理之间差异显著,T2、T3处理之间差异不明显。【结论】综合考虑脱盐效果、成活率、新枝生长状况,T2(牛粪深翻+盲沟+覆盖)、T3(牛粪深翻+盲沟+盲沟种植)2种改造措施效果较好,可作为滨海盐土原土栽植供选方式。【Objective】The purpose of this work is to experimentally study the efficacy of different agronomical methods for remediating costal saline soil and their consequent impact on growth of Fraxinus Chinensis.【Method】A two-year experiment was conducted with the groundwater table kept below critical depth by French drain.Three methods were compared： incorporating cow manure into deep subsoil（T1）, incorporating cow manure into deep soil combined with a straw mulching（T2）, incorporating cow manure into deep soil with plant grown over the drain（T3）. The model plant in all treatments was Fraxinus Chinensis.【Result】Compared to the control（no remediation）, all three methods reduced the soil salt content to 3 g/kg or below and improved the survival rate and growth of Fraxinus chinensis. Treatment T1, T2 and T3 reduced the average 0～60 cm salt contents by62.42%, 65.33% and 72.92%, respectively. The survival rate of Fraxinus chinensis under T1, T2 and T3 was0.72, 0.88 and 0.85 respectively, compared to 3.03% in the CK. The length of new branches of Fraxinus Chinensis under T1, T2 and T3 was 33.33 cm, 45.78 cm and 48.45 cm respectively, increasing by 1 148%, 1 615% and1 715%, respectively, compared to the CK.【Conclusion】Among the three tested methods, T2 and T3 were more efficient in removing soil salt and promoting plant growth, offering an effective way to remediating coastal saline soil.

关 键 词：滨海盐土 原土栽植 快速脱盐 白蜡 

分 类 号：S156.4[农业科学—土壤学]