纳米地球科学：内涵与意义  

Nanogeoscience:Connotation and Significance

作　　者：琚宜文 黄骋 孙岩[2] 万泉[3] 刘海龄[4] 卢双舫 何宏平[6] 吴建光[7] 蔡建超[8,1] 琚丽婷 朱洪建 Ju Yiwen;Huang Cheng;Sun Yan;Wan Quan;Liu Hailing;Lu Shuangfang;He Hongping;Wu Jianguang;Cai Jianchao;Ju Liting;Zhu Hongjian(Key Laboratory of Computational Geodynamics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, State Key Laboratory for Mineral Deposits Research, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China;State Key Laboratory of Ore Deposit Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550002, China;Key Laboratory of Marginal Sea Geology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China;Research Institute of Unconventional Petroleum and Renewable Energy, Chinese University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, China;Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China;China United Coalbed Methane Co. Ltd., Beijing 100011, China 8.Institute of Geophysics and Geomatics, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院计算地球动力学重点实验室中国科学院大学地球与行星科学学院,北京100049 [2]南京大学地球科学与工程学院,江苏南京210093 [3]中国科学院地球化学研究所矿床地球化学国家重点实验室,贵州贵阳550002 [4]中国科学院南海海洋研究所边缘海与大洋地质重点实验室,广东广州510301 [5]中国石油大学非常规油气与新能源研究院,山东青岛266580 [6]中国科学院广州地球化学研究所,广东广州510640 [7]中联煤层气有限责任公司,北京100011 [8]中国地质大学地球物理与空间信息学院,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《地球科学》2018年第5期1367-1383,共17页Earth Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(Nos.41530315,41030422,41372213,40772135); 国家科技重大专项课题(Nos.2016ZX05066003,2016ZX05066006,2011ZX05060005); 中国科学院战略先导性科技专项课题(No.XDA05030100)

摘　　要：纳米地球科学是纳米科技与地球科学的结合,是一门高度综合的交叉学科,很难划分出经典意义上的单科性研究.纳米地球科学的研究对象主要分为纳米物质与纳米孔隙,二者成因多样、尺度效应明显、广泛分布,对于前者,主要通过各类图像表征手段观察其形态、大小、聚集方式,通过各类谱学方法研究其晶体结构、分子结构等;对于后者,则主要通过图像表征手段、流体注入方法与数值模拟的结合来表征孔隙形态、孔径分布、连通性等特征.纳米地球科学的学科内涵主要体现于:在各传统地球科学学科研究的基础和框架上,针对地球不同圈层中纳米尺度微粒形成、运移、聚集和存在形式以及孔隙形成与演化等亟待解决的科学问题开展系统研究,从而加深对矿物、岩石、构造、地化以及资源、灾害、环境等分支学科纳米尺度特性的认知.纳米地球科学的产生与发展使人类在认识和改造自然方面进入了一个新层次,是地球与行星科学发展的必然途径,为矿床勘探、资源开发、新能源利用、环境污染和地质灾害的预防与治理等问题提供了新的理论依据,有着不可估量的科学意义和应用价值.Nanogeoscience is a highly comprehensive and overlapping subject,with combination of nanotechnology and geoscience.It is hard to partition nanogeoscience into single discipline of the classical sense.Its research objects mainly include nanomaterials and nanopores,which are widely distributed on the earth and have diverse causes and obvious scale effects.To nanomaterials,researchers use various image analysis methods to observe their shape,size and aggregation model,also investigate the crystal structure and molecular structure through all kinds of spectroscopy methods.To nanopores,researchers use image analysis,fluid invasion combined with numerical simulation methods,to characterize pore morphology,pore size distribution,connectivity and other characteristics.On the basis and framework of traditional geoscience research,the systematic research of nanogeoscience as a discipline is to solve the scientific problems about nanomaterials and nanopores in each sphere of the earth,such as formation,migration,aggregation and existence form of nanomaterials,as well as formation and evolution of nanopores.Consequently,it deepens the cognition of nanoscale characteristics of branches like mineralogy,petrology,structural geology,geochemistry as well as resources,disasters and environment.The emergence and development of nanogeoscience have brought human beings into a new level in understanding and transforming nature.It is the inevitable way for the development of the earth and planetary sciences.Related research has provided new theoretical basis for mineral deposit exploration,resource development,new energy utilization,prevention and treatment of environmental pollution and geological disaster,etc.It has immeasurable scientific significance and application values.

关 键 词：纳米地球科学 纳米物质 纳米孔隙 学科内涵 研究意义 

分 类 号：P5[天文地球—地质学]