不同居群新疆野苹果生理响应差异与抗寒性的关系  

Study on the relationship between physiological response and cold hardiness of Malus sieversii in different populations

作　　者：王泽华 秦伟 WANG Zehua;QIN Wei(Institute of Forestry, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, Xinjiang, China;Hunan Agricultural Magazine Agency, Agriculture Committee of Hunan Province, Changsha 410005, Hunan, China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学林业研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [2]湖南省农业委员会 [3]湖南农业杂志社,湖南长沙410005

出　　处：《经济林研究》2018年第2期20-28,共9页Non-wood Forest Research

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金项目(2015211A022);国家重点研发计划课题(2016YFC0501504)：新疆园艺学重点学科资助项目;新疆农业大学“2612创新团队”资助项目.

摘　　要：为给苹果抗寒砧木的筛选提供参考依据,分别在新疆维吾尔自治区伊犁州的新源县、巩留县、霍城县、托里县、额敏县等5个居群新疆野苹果林中采集果实,取其种子进行层积处理,然后分别种在营养袋中,待其自然生长3个月后,将生长良好的整株幼苗进行低温处理,取其叶片进行相关试验,测定和分析其相对电导率、可溶性糖含量、脯氨酸含量、丙二醛含量、可溶性蛋白含量、超氧化物歧化酶活性、过氧化物酶活性和过氧化氢酶活性。结果表明:随着处理温度的降低,新疆野苹果的相对电导率、25~0℃时的可溶性糖含量与脯氨酸含量、25^-5℃时的MDA含量与可溶性蛋白含量、25~0℃时的SOD活性、25^-5℃时的POD活性、25~0℃时的CAT活性和处理温度均呈负相关,而0^-10℃时的可溶性糖含量、-5^-10℃时的MDA含量、0^-10℃时的SOD活性、-5^-10℃时的POD活性、0^-10℃时的CAT活性与处理温度均呈正相关;不同居群新疆野苹果的各项生理指标在变化过程中均产生了差异,不同居群新疆野苹果的抗寒性由强到弱依次为:托里县野苹果、额敏县野苹果、巩留县野苹果、霍城县野苹果、新源县野苹果。In order to understand the difference of cold resistance between different populations of Malus sieversii, and then provide the basis for the selection of cold resistant rootstocks, the Malus sieversii fruit were collected, and then stripped the seeds for stratification. After three months, the seeds were sown in a nutrient bag and placed in an experimental field on the Xinjiang Agricultural University, allowing it to grow naturally. Three months later, select grow well without plant diseases and insect pests of the plant were treated with low temperature. The leaves were related to physiological experiment, measurement and analysis of the relative conductivity, soluble sugar content, proline content, MDA content, soluble protein content, SOD activity, POD activity and CAT activity. The results showed that a negative correlation was presented between relative conductivity, soluble sugar content from 25 ℃ to 0 ℃, proline content, MDA content from 25 ℃ to -5 ℃, soluble protein content, SOD activity from 25 ℃ to 0 ℃, POD activity from 25 ℃ to -5 ℃, CAT activity from 25 ℃ to 0 ℃. A negative correlation was presented between soluble sugar content from 0℃ to -10℃, MDA content from -5 ℃ to -10 ℃, SOD activity from 0 ℃ to -10 ℃, POD activity from -5 ℃ to -10 ℃, CAT activity from 0 ℃ to -10 ℃. The physiological indexes ofMalus sieversii in different populations vary in the process of change. Cold resistance ofMalus sieversii in different populations was strongest in Toll county, followed by Emin county, Gongliu county, Huocheng county, and Xinyuan county.

关 键 词：新疆野苹果 低温胁迫 叶片 生理指标 抗寒性 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]